fail

　　[誤] Tom failed his exam.

　　[正] Tom failed in his exam.

　　[正] Tom failed to pass the exam.

　　[析] fail為不及物動詞，其后可用in加名詞，或直接接不定式。

　　family

　　[誤] Im sorry I have to go. Toms families are waiting for me.

　　[誤] Im sorry I have to go. Toms family is waiting for me.

　　[正] Im sorry I have to go. Toms family are waiting for me.

　　[析] family是集合名詞，把它當(dāng)作整體看它是單數(shù)，如看作家庭中的每個(gè)成員則為復(fù)數(shù)。如：Your family are very kind to me. My family is very large.

　　far

　　[誤] My school is ten miles far from here.

　　[正] My school is ten miles away from here.

　　[析] far一般不與實(shí)際距離連用。

　　[誤] Did you walk far

　　Yes，I walked far.

　　[正] Did you walk far

　　Yes, I walked a long way.

　　[析] 一般肯定句中不用far單獨(dú)作狀語，而用a long way.far組成的常用詞組有：as far as. ①遠(yuǎn)至，一直到。如：He walked as far as the station. ②就而言。如：As far as he was concerned these books were very good. ③只要。如：I can help you as far as I can. so for到目前為止。例：He is very well so far.

　　farther further

　　far有兩個(gè)比較級，即farther和further，其意思略有不同：farther主要用于表示距離的遠(yuǎn)近，如：Milan is farther away than Rome. 而further則是指進(jìn)一步的，如：Will we need any further discussion on this matter.

　　fast

　　[誤] A fast train runs fastly.

　　[正] A fast train runs fast.

　　[析] fast其形容詞與副詞形式相同。

　　fast soon

　　fast指行動本身的速度快，如：The foreigner speaks too fast. 而soon則多指兩個(gè)動作之間間隔短，時(shí)間到來的迅速，如：She will come soon.

　　feel

　　[誤] I feel badly about my mistakes.

　　[正] I feel bad about my mistakes.

　　[析] 感觀動詞如feel, smell等后面要接形容詞而不是副詞。feel good是指某人精神好，而feel well是指人身體狀況良好。

　　[誤] I try not to hurt her feeling.

　　[正] I try not to hurt her feelings.

　　[析] feeling在作感情講時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)，而作感覺講則要用單數(shù)。如：I have a feeling that we will win the game.

　　few

　　[誤] Few of them is very good.

　　[正] Few of them are very good.

　　[析] few意為幾乎沒有，但要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞。如果講有一些人應(yīng)用a few, 如：There were only a few people in the street.

　　[誤] There are less farms than there used to be.

　　[正] There are fewer farms than there used to be.

　　[析] few的比較級為fewer，其后接可數(shù)名詞;而little的 比較級為less，其后接不可數(shù)名詞。

　　field

　　[誤] He is a famous scientist on the field of physics.

　　[正] He is a famous scientist in the field of physics.

　　[析] in the field是在田野上或是在某一學(xué)科領(lǐng)域內(nèi)，而on the field則多指在戰(zhàn)場上。如：He lost his life on the battle field.

　　fill

　　[誤] She filled orange into my glass.

　　[正] She filled my glass with orange.

　　[析] 表示要用某種物品裝滿某容器時(shí)要用fill with詞組，如：The boy ran back home filled with joy.

　　fill full

　　fill是動詞，但有及物與不及物兩種用法，當(dāng)表示充滿之意時(shí)是不及物動詞，應(yīng)用fill with，如：The little girls eyes filled with tears. 而當(dāng)表示使裝滿某物時(shí)，是及物動詞，如：He filled his pocket with books. 而be filled with應(yīng)看作系表結(jié)構(gòu)，如：The boys mother was filled with anger. full是形容詞，要用be full of這一詞組，如：The boy was full of joy.

　　find

　　[誤] He has finded his lost bike.

　　[正] He has found his lost bike.

　　[析] find是不規(guī)則動詞，其過去式和過去分詞均是found。但found一詞又意為建立，它是規(guī)則動詞，其過去式及過去分詞均為founded.

　　[誤] It is very difficult to look for a suitable job.

　　[正] It is very difficult to find a suitable job.

　　[析] look for為尋找，而find是找到。尋找工作并不難，難的應(yīng)是找到合適的工作。

　　find find out

　　find out意為找出、算出、發(fā)現(xiàn)，如：I have found out how to do it. 而find的主要側(cè)重點(diǎn)在找到某物，如：I find my book under the desk.

　　finish

　　[誤] I finished to read that book last night.

　　[正] I finished reading that book last night.

　　[析] 英文中有些動詞其后只能用動名詞作賓語而不能用不定式作賓語，這樣的動詞在中考范圍內(nèi)有兩個(gè)，即finish和enjoy。

　　fire

　　[誤] Theres no smoke without a fire.

　　[正] Theres no smoke without fire.

　　[析] 此句應(yīng)譯為中文無風(fēng)不起浪。fire作為物質(zhì)名詞火講時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞，而作為爐火、火災(zāi)講則是可數(shù)名詞，如：There was a fire in the next street last month. 如要講著火了要用be on fire, 如：The factory was　on fire.

　　[誤] The man fired to us.

　　[正] The man fired at us.

　　[析] fire (on) at均指向某目標(biāo)開火，at用于較小目標(biāo)，而on用于較大目標(biāo)。

　　first

　　[誤] Is this your firstly visit to Beijing

　　[正] Is this your first visit to Beijing

　　[析] 除了在強(qiáng)調(diào)第一、第二、第三等場合中有時(shí)還可見firstly一詞外，這個(gè)詞已不多見，而均被first取代。first還有首先、首次、第一次之意。

　　follow

　　[誤] I received a letter which ran as follow.

　　[正] I received a letter which ran as follows.

　　[析] as follows是慣用法，其意為如下，不論在任何場合均要用follows.

　　[誤] As follows are his arguments.

　　[正] The following are his arguments.

　　[析] as follows主要用于句尾，而the following則用于句首。

　　food

　　[誤] Too much sweet food, such as cakes, chocolates,pastrymay increase your weight.

　　[正] Too many foods, such as cakes, chocolates,pastrymay increase your weight.

　　[析] food泛指食物時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞，如：There is no food for supper. 而指一種種食物時(shí)則用作可數(shù)名詞。

　　foot

　　[誤] There is a fivefeetwide bridge.

　　[正] There is a fivefootwide bridge.

　　[析] 用連字符組成的形容詞中所有名詞均要用單數(shù)形式。

　　[誤] We went to college on feet.

　　[正] We went to college on foot.

　　[析] by后面加接交通工具時(shí)，不應(yīng)加任何冠詞，不要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如加了某些修飾詞后，其前面的介詞要作適當(dāng)?shù)母淖儯纾篒 came to school in his car yesterday. I go to shool on a train.

　　for

　　[誤] I wanted to go to the pub for having a drink.

　　[正] I wanted to go to the pub for a drink.

　　[正] I wanted to go to the pub to have a drink.

　　[析] 用for表示目的時(shí)，其后面只能接名詞，而不要接動名詞。

　　[誤] I went to the office for seeing the headmaster.

　　[正] I went to the office to see the headmaster.

　　[析] 用不定式來表示動作的目的。

　　[誤] I will leave Beijing to Shanghai.

　　[正] I will leave Beijing for Shanghai.

　　[正] I will leave for Shanghai.

　　[析] leave for為一固定搭配，不要改動。

　　[誤] I bought a book to you.

　　[正] I bought a book for you.

　　[誤] He is a friend for us.

　　[正] He is a friend to us.

　　[析] 在英文中為一詞在泛指時(shí)用to, 在特指時(shí)要用for.

　　[誤] This food is good to us.

　　[正] This food is good for us.

　　[析] 詞組be good (bad) for 表示對有好(壞)處。

　　[誤] For I was feeling quite hungry, I wanted to have lunch.

　　[正] I wanted to have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry.

　　[析] for作為因?yàn)橹v時(shí)一般不要置于句首，而且口氣也比because弱的多。

　　forget

　　[誤] I left my key.

　　[正] I left my key at home.

　　[正] I forgot my key.

　　[析] leave是丟下之意，所以一定要接地點(diǎn)狀語，而forget是忘記，所以不用接地點(diǎn)狀語。

　　[誤] I will not forget the rules.

　　[正] I will never forget the rules.

　　[誤] Please dont forget posting my letter on your way home.

　　[正] Please dont forget to post my letter on your way home.

　　[析] 要注意forget to do something為忘了去作某事，而forget doing something則應(yīng)譯為對已經(jīng)作過的事記不起來了。如：He forget returning the book to the library. 應(yīng)譯為他忘記已把書還給圖書館這件事了。同樣用法的詞還有remember和regret.

　　free

　　[誤] You can speak free in front of my parents.

　　[正] You can speak freely in front of my parents.

　　[析] free作為副詞時(shí)意為免費(fèi)、不必付款，如：You can eat free in my restaurant. 而freely則意為自由地、無限制地。

　　French

　　[誤] She comes from French.

　　[正] She comes from France.

　　[析] French是法語、法國的，而France才是法國。

　　friend

　　[誤] He nodded to me friendly.

　　[正] He nodded to me in a friendly fashion.

　　[析] friendly是形容詞，不是副詞。在英語中應(yīng)避免講He is a friend of my mother. 又比如：I go to school with my friend. 從語法上講是對的但不是習(xí)慣上英語的說法。而應(yīng)講He is a friend of my mothers. I go to school with a friend. be friends with 則是交朋友之意，例如：I hope you will be friends with me. 而不應(yīng)講I hope you will be my friend. 交朋友還有一慣用法是make friends.

　　from

　　[誤] Where do you come fromI come from the library.

　　[正] Where do you come fromI come from England.

　　[正] Where did you come fromI came from the library.

　　[析] Where do you come from應(yīng)意為你是從什么國家(地方)來的(即意為你是哪的人)而Where did you come from 才是你剛剛從哪來

　　front

　　[誤] There are three tall trees in the front of my house.

　　[正] There are three tall trees in front of my house.

　　[析] in front of是某物體外部的前面，而in the front of是在某物體內(nèi)部的前面。如：The bus driver is seated in the front of the bus.

　　fail

　　[誤] Tom failed his exam.

　　[正] Tom failed in his exam.

　　[正] Tom failed to pass the exam.

　　[析] fail為不及物動詞，其后可用in加名詞，或直接接不定式。

　　family

　　[誤] Im sorry I have to go. Toms families are waiting for me.

　　[誤] Im sorry I have to go. Toms family is waiting for me.

　　[正] Im sorry I have to go. Toms family are waiting for me.

　　[析] family是集合名詞，把它當(dāng)作整體看它是單數(shù)，如看作家庭中的每個(gè)成員則為復(fù)數(shù)。如：Your family are very kind to me. My family is very large.

　　far

　　[誤] My school is ten miles far from here.

　　[正] My school is ten miles away from here.

　　[析] far一般不與實(shí)際距離連用。

　　[誤] Did you walk far

　　Yes，I walked far.

　　[正] Did you walk far

　　Yes, I walked a long way.

　　[析] 一般肯定句中不用far單獨(dú)作狀語，而用a long way.far組成的常用詞組有：as far as. ①遠(yuǎn)至，一直到。如：He walked as far as the station. ②就而言。如：As far as he was concerned these books were very good. ③只要。如：I can help you as far as I can. so for到目前為止。例：He is very well so far.

　　farther further

　　far有兩個(gè)比較級，即farther和further，其意思略有不同：farther主要用于表示距離的遠(yuǎn)近，如：Milan is farther away than Rome. 而further則是指進(jìn)一步的，如：Will we need any further discussion on this matter.

　　fast

　　[誤] A fast train runs fastly.

　　[正] A fast train runs fast.

　　[析] fast其形容詞與副詞形式相同。

　　fast soon

　　fast指行動本身的速度快，如：The foreigner speaks too fast. 而soon則多指兩個(gè)動作之間間隔短，時(shí)間到來的迅速，如：She will come soon.

　　feel

　　[誤] I feel badly about my mistakes.

　　[正] I feel bad about my mistakes.

　　[析] 感觀動詞如feel, smell等后面要接形容詞而不是副詞。feel good是指某人精神好，而feel well是指人身體狀況良好。

　　[誤] I try not to hurt her feeling.

　　[正] I try not to hurt her feelings.

　　[析] feeling在作感情講時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)，而作感覺講則要用單數(shù)。如：I have a feeling that we will win the game.

　　few

　　[誤] Few of them is very good.

　　[正] Few of them are very good.

　　[析] few意為幾乎沒有，但要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞。如果講有一些人應(yīng)用a few, 如：There were only a few people in the street.

　　[誤] There are less farms than there used to be.

　　[正] There are fewer farms than there used to be.

　　[析] few的比較級為fewer，其后接可數(shù)名詞;而little的 比較級為less，其后接不可數(shù)名詞。

　　field

　　[誤] He is a famous scientist on the field of physics.

　　[正] He is a famous scientist in the field of physics.

　　[析] in the field是在田野上或是在某一學(xué)科領(lǐng)域內(nèi)，而on the field則多指在戰(zhàn)場上。如：He lost his life on the battle field.

　　fill

　　[誤] She filled orange into my glass.

　　[正] She filled my glass with orange.

　　[析] 表示要用某種物品裝滿某容器時(shí)要用fill with詞組，如：The boy ran back home filled with joy.

　　fill full

　　fill是動詞，但有及物與不及物兩種用法，當(dāng)表示充滿之意時(shí)是不及物動詞，應(yīng)用fill with，如：The little girls eyes filled with tears. 而當(dāng)表示使裝滿某物時(shí)，是及物動詞，如：He filled his pocket with books. 而be filled with應(yīng)看作系表結(jié)構(gòu)，如：The boys mother was filled with anger. full是形容詞，要用be full of這一詞組，如：The boy was full of joy.

　　find

　　[誤] He has finded his lost bike.

　　[正] He has found his lost bike.

　　[析] find是不規(guī)則動詞，其過去式和過去分詞均是found。但found一詞又意為建立，它是規(guī)則動詞，其過去式及過去分詞均為founded.

　　[誤] It is very difficult to look for a suitable job.

　　[正] It is very difficult to find a suitable job.

　　[析] look for為尋找，而find是找到。尋找工作并不難，難的應(yīng)是找到合適的工作。

　　find find out

　　find out意為找出、算出、發(fā)現(xiàn)，如：I have found out how to do it. 而find的主要側(cè)重點(diǎn)在找到某物，如：I find my book under the desk.

　　finish

　　[誤] I finished to read that book last night.

　　[正] I finished reading that book last night.

　　[析] 英文中有些動詞其后只能用動名詞作賓語而不能用不定式作賓語，這樣的動詞在中考范圍內(nèi)有兩個(gè)，即finish和enjoy。

　　fire

　　[誤] Theres no smoke without a fire.

　　[正] Theres no smoke without fire.

　　[析] 此句應(yīng)譯為中文無風(fēng)不起浪。fire作為物質(zhì)名詞火講時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞，而作為爐火、火災(zāi)講則是可數(shù)名詞，如：There was a fire in the next street last month. 如要講著火了要用be on fire, 如：The factory was　on fire.

　　[誤] The man fired to us.

　　[正] The man fired at us.

　　[析] fire (on) at均指向某目標(biāo)開火，at用于較小目標(biāo)，而on用于較大目標(biāo)。

　　first

　　[誤] Is this your firstly visit to Beijing

　　[正] Is this your first visit to Beijing

　　[析] 除了在強(qiáng)調(diào)第一、第二、第三等場合中有時(shí)還可見firstly一詞外，這個(gè)詞已不多見，而均被first取代。first還有首先、首次、第一次之意。

　　follow

　　[誤] I received a letter which ran as follow.

　　[正] I received a letter which ran as follows.

　　[析] as follows是慣用法，其意為如下，不論在任何場合均要用follows.

　　[誤] As follows are his arguments.

　　[正] The following are his arguments.

　　[析] as follows主要用于句尾，而the following則用于句首。

　　food

　　[誤] Too much sweet food, such as cakes, chocolates,pastrymay increase your weight.

　　[正] Too many foods, such as cakes, chocolates,pastrymay increase your weight.

　　[析] food泛指食物時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞，如：There is no food for supper. 而指一種種食物時(shí)則用作可數(shù)名詞。

　　foot

　　[誤] There is a fivefeetwide bridge.

　　[正] There is a fivefootwide bridge.

　　[析] 用連字符組成的形容詞中所有名詞均要用單數(shù)形式。

　　[誤] We went to college on feet.

　　[正] We went to college on foot.

　　[析] by后面加接交通工具時(shí)，不應(yīng)加任何冠詞，不要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如加了某些修飾詞后，其前面的介詞要作適當(dāng)?shù)母淖儯纾篒 came to school in his car yesterday. I go to shool on a train.

　　for

　　[誤] I wanted to go to the pub for having a drink.

　　[正] I wanted to go to the pub for a drink.

　　[正] I wanted to go to the pub to have a drink.

　　[析] 用for表示目的時(shí)，其后面只能接名詞，而不要接動名詞。

　　[誤] I went to the office for seeing the headmaster.

　　[正] I went to the office to see the headmaster.

　　[析] 用不定式來表示動作的目的。

　　[誤] I will leave Beijing to Shanghai.

　　[正] I will leave Beijing for Shanghai.

　　[正] I will leave for Shanghai.

　　[析] leave for為一固定搭配，不要改動。

　　[誤] I bought a book to you.

　　[正] I bought a book for you.

　　[誤] He is a friend for us.

　　[正] He is a friend to us.

　　[析] 在英文中為一詞在泛指時(shí)用to, 在特指時(shí)要用for.

　　[誤] This food is good to us.

　　[正] This food is good for us.

　　[析] 詞組be good (bad) for 表示對有好(壞)處。

　　[誤] For I was feeling quite hungry, I wanted to have lunch.

　　[正] I wanted to have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry.

　　[析] for作為因?yàn)橹v時(shí)一般不要置于句首，而且口氣也比because弱的多。

　　forget

　　[誤] I left my key.

　　[正] I left my key at home.

　　[正] I forgot my key.

　　[析] leave是丟下之意，所以一定要接地點(diǎn)狀語，而forget是忘記，所以不用接地點(diǎn)狀語。

　　[誤] I will not forget the rules.

　　[正] I will never forget the rules.

　　[誤] Please dont forget posting my letter on your way home.

　　[正] Please dont forget to post my letter on your way home.

　　[析] 要注意forget to do something為忘了去作某事，而forget doing something則應(yīng)譯為對已經(jīng)作過的事記不起來了。如：He forget returning the book to the library. 應(yīng)譯為他忘記已把書還給圖書館這件事了。同樣用法的詞還有remember和regret.

　　free

　　[誤] You can speak free in front of my parents.

　　[正] You can speak freely in front of my parents.

　　[析] free作為副詞時(shí)意為免費(fèi)、不必付款，如：You can eat free in my restaurant. 而freely則意為自由地、無限制地。

　　French

　　[誤] She comes from French.

　　[正] She comes from France.

　　[析] French是法語、法國的，而France才是法國。

　　friend

　　[誤] He nodded to me friendly.

　　[正] He nodded to me in a friendly fashion.

　　[析] friendly是形容詞，不是副詞。在英語中應(yīng)避免講He is a friend of my mother. 又比如：I go to school with my friend. 從語法上講是對的但不是習(xí)慣上英語的說法。而應(yīng)講He is a friend of my mothers. I go to school with a friend. be friends with 則是交朋友之意，例如：I hope you will be friends with me. 而不應(yīng)講I hope you will be my friend. 交朋友還有一慣用法是make friends.

　　from

　　[誤] Where do you come fromI come from the library.

　　[正] Where do you come fromI come from England.

　　[正] Where did you come fromI came from the library.

　　[析] Where do you come from應(yīng)意為你是從什么國家(地方)來的(即意為你是哪的人)而Where did you come from 才是你剛剛從哪來

　　front

　　[誤] There are three tall trees in the front of my house.

　　[正] There are three tall trees in front of my house.

　　[析] in front of是某物體外部的前面，而in the front of是在某物體內(nèi)部的前面。如：The bus driver is seated in the front of the bus.