2024屆高考英語一輪 Unit5 《Nelson Mandela》課后強(qiáng)化作業(yè) 新人教版必修1

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　　Unit 5　Nelson Mandela—a modern hero

　　Ⅰ.單詞拼寫

　　1．It was ________ (慷慨的，大方的) of her to contribute such a large sum of money.

　　2．He intends to take ________ (法律的) action.

　　3．There is a newspaper article ________ (抨擊) the Prime Minister.

　　4．The little boy ________ (乞求) his father to stay at home.

　　5．People's ________ (觀點(diǎn)) differ on this matter.

　　6．We should take an ________ (積極的) part in after-class activities.

　　7．He examined the ________ (質(zhì)量) of the furniture carefully.

　　8．The ________ (暴力) and bad language in the program shocked many of the viewers.

　　9．The world is a ________ (舞臺(tái)), and everyone has their part.

　　10．It is not the way to ________ (教育) a child by making him do things against his will.

　　答案：1.generous　2.legal　3.attacking　4.begged　5.opinions/views　6.active　7.quality　8.violence　9.stage　10.educate

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．Only when I had another failure in my job-seeking________ ________ ________(我意識(shí)到)knowledge is valuable.(realize)

　　2．The job________ ________ ________(結(jié)果比……難)than we thought.(turn)

　　3．I recognized her________ ________ ________ ________ ________(我一看見她)．(moment)

　　4．________ ________ ________ ________(致力于她的事業(yè)), she got success.(devote)

　　5．He was________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(判處3個(gè)月監(jiān)禁)．(sentence)

　　答案：1.did I realize(that)　2.turned out(to be)harder　3.the moment I saw her　4.Devoted to her career　5.sentenced to three months in prison

　　Ⅲ.單項(xiàng)填空

　　1．(2024·黃石統(tǒng)考)Thank you for all the trouble you've ________ to help my daughter.

　　A．had B．taken

　　C．got

　　D．put

　　答案：B　take great trouble to do sth.“不辭辛勞做某事”。

　　2．The manager, knowing his factory's products were poor in________， decided to give his workers further training.

　　A．quantity

　　B．a(chǎn)mount

　　C．deal

　　D．quality

　　答案：D　本題考查名詞辨析。句意：經(jīng)理知道他工廠的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量差，于是決定對(duì)工人進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的培訓(xùn)。從語境看，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量差符合語境，故選D。

　　3．Don't________. You will________new customs and different ways of thinking.

　　A．lose your heart; apply to

　　B．lose heart; apply yourself to

　　C．lose your heart; adapt to

　　D．lose heart; adapt yourself to

　　答案：D　句意：不要泄氣。你會(huì)適應(yīng)這些新風(fēng)俗和不同思維方式的。lose heart意為“氣餒，泄氣”；adapt oneself to意為“適應(yīng)……”。

　　4．I guarantee that you shall be________for any useful clues to the missing child.

　　A．praised

　　B．a(chǎn)warded

　　C．rewarded

　　D．sentenced

　　答案：C　本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我保證你只要提供了任何關(guān)于這個(gè)丟失孩子的線索都將會(huì)得到酬金的。reward“酬謝”；award“授予，給予”；sentence“判刑”；praise“表揚(yáng)”。

　　5．Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to________some schools for poor children.

　　A．set up

　　B．setting up

　　C．have set up

　　D．having set up

　　答案：B　本題考查devote...to...的用法。(that)he had為定語從句，修飾all; devote...to...中的to為介詞，其后跟名詞、動(dòng)名詞等。句意：Mr Reed下定決心要把自己擁有的一切捐獻(xiàn)出來為窮苦的孩子建一些學(xué)校。

　　6．They are of______height, but I think John______the job.

　　A．equally; is equal

　　B．equal; is equal to

　　C．equal; equals

　　D．equally; is equaled

　　答案：B　本題考查equal的用法。句意：他們處于同等高度，但我認(rèn)為約翰能勝任這個(gè)工作。第一空用形容詞equal, be of equal height表示“同等高度”；be equal to the task/job表示“勝任任務(wù)/工作”。

　　7．Mr Smith________for years but still doesn't want to leave office.

　　A．has come to power

　　B．has been in power

　　C．came to power

　　D．was in power

　　答案：B　本題考查時(shí)態(tài)及詞語辨析。句意：史密斯先生當(dāng)權(quán)有好多年了，但是他仍不想離職。come to power為“執(zhí)政”，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞短語；be in power“當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政”，延續(xù)性短語，并且由for years可判斷，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

　　8．He was deeply struck by the natural beauty of the West Lake________he went to Hangzhou.

　　A．a(chǎn)t the first time

　　B．the first time

　　C．for the first time

　　D．a(chǎn)t the first time when

　　答案：B　本題考查the first time用作連詞的用法。句意：他第一次到達(dá)杭州時(shí)就被西湖美麗的自然景色深深地吸引了。the first time用作連詞，意為“第一次……的時(shí)候”。

　　9．She doesn't do badly.________， she is quite well off.

　　A．In my opinion

　　B．As a matter of fact

　　C．As usual

　　D．Ever since

　　答案：B　as a matter of fact“事實(shí)上”。句意：她過得并不壞。事實(shí)上，她相當(dāng)富裕。in my opinion意為“在我看來”；as usual“和往常一樣”；ever since“從那時(shí)起到現(xiàn)在”。

　　10．________you work more efficiently are you able to catch up with others in the class.

　　A．Only when

　　B．Long before

　　C．Unless

　　D．Until

　　答案：A　本題考查“only＋狀語”引導(dǎo)的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。由于后面主句are you able to catch up with others...采用了倒裝語序，因此應(yīng)選擇A。“only＋狀語從句”放在句首時(shí)，主句用倒裝語序，但應(yīng)注意when從句不倒裝。

　　11．You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of________.

　　A．date

　　B．shape

　　C．order

　　D．balance

　　答案：B　本題考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你一直坐在我的帽子上，現(xiàn)在它都變形了。out of shape“變形；走樣”；out of date “過時(shí)”；out of order “壞了”；out of balance “失去平衡”。

　　12．For all these years I have been working for others. I'm hoping I'll________my own business some day.

　　A．turn up

　　B．fix up

　　C．set up

　　D．make up

　　答案：C　本題考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。turn up“調(diào)大音量；出現(xiàn)”；fix up“修理；準(zhǔn)備好”；set up“創(chuàng)立；開辦”；make up“彌補(bǔ)；組成”。句意：這些年來我一直為別人工作。我一直希望將來有一天我會(huì)開辦自己的公司。故選C。

　　13．On his 10th birthday, Marty managed to escape from

　　the zoo and got onto the subway, ______ he believed that he could go to the wild.

　　A．which

　　B．from what

　　C．through which

　　D．that

　　答案：C　句意：在他十歲生日那天，Marty設(shè)法逃離動(dòng)物園，來到地鐵站，他認(rèn)為能夠通過這種方式獲得自由。which代替前面整個(gè)句子，through which在從句中作方式狀語。

　　14．—What should I do first?

　　—The instructions________that you should mix flour with water carefully first.

　　A．go

　　B．tell

　　C．write

　　D．say

　　答案：D　本題考查動(dòng)詞say的特定用法。客觀地解說instructions的內(nèi)容，用say(＝to give information)。

　　15．(2011·濰坊5月模擬)Our school has developed a learning system________students can do a lot of team work.

　　A．that

　　B．when

　　C．which

　　D．where

　　答案：D　考查定語從句。先行詞a learning system在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。

　　Ⅳ.完形填空

　　Mandela, South African freedom fighter, was put in prison on a lonely island for 27 years. In those years he was__1__treated though already reaching his__2__age. The rocky island, which is covered with snakes, seals and other__3__， is 7 miles__4__from the capital. In the daytime, Mandela had to work on a stone pit，__5__big stones into small pieces or go to the sea，__6__kelp(海帶)out of the cold seawater. Being a major criminal, he was specially__7__by three men, who were always finding faults in what he did and then__8__him.

　　1991 saw Mandela's release(釋放)from__9__. One of his touching moments happened on his ceremony of his coming into__10__. As elected President of South Africa, he first introduced the political__11__from all over the world. He said he was pleased to meet them at his introduction into Presidency. But, to his greatest__12__， the three guards also attended the ceremony. He__13__them to rise from their seats so as to be introduced to everybody__14__. Being old, he slowly stood up from his seat and__15__to the three very men. A tongue-tied silence occupied the hall. Being so__16__， Mandela made all the whites, who cruelly treated him for many years，__17__to death. His behavior won him universal admiration.

　　Later, he explained to his friends that he was bad-tempered when he was young. It was__18__that he learned to control himself and was able to__19__from the hard years. “When I stepped out of prison and threw myself into__20__， I was aware that if I can't leave hatred and sorrow behind in the prison, I remain imprisoned.”

　　文章大意：曼德拉——當(dāng)代一位不同尋常的偉人。有人說他是無畏的“自由斗士”、杰出的“政治領(lǐng)袖”，也有人說他是“友好的人、高貴的人、有趣的人”；也有人稱他為“世界公民”。本文以一件事具體描寫了納爾遜·曼德拉博大的胸襟。

　　1．A.badly

　　B．well

　　C．equally

　　D．seriously

　　答案：A　從7空所在句子句意以及全篇故事發(fā)展的線索考慮，曼德拉當(dāng)時(shí)受到了很差的待遇。

　　2．A.own

　　B．old

　　C．high

　　D．certain

　　答案：B　從上下文的線索考慮，雖然曼德拉已年屆“高齡”，仍遭受如此待遇。形容年齡高常用old, experienced, ripe等修飾，B項(xiàng)符合。

　　3．A.plants

　　B．stones

　　C．insects

　　D．a(chǎn)nimals

　　答案：D　從上下文的信息考慮，由前文的snakes, seals提示可知，此處應(yīng)為其它“動(dòng)物”，D項(xiàng)符合。

　　4．A.far

　　B．a(chǎn)long

　　C．a(chǎn)way

　　D．off

　　答案：C　從詞語搭配考慮。表示兩者相距有多遠(yuǎn)時(shí)，用副詞away與from搭配，離開陸地多遠(yuǎn)用off...。

　　5．A.picking

　　B．digging

　　C．putting

　　D．breaking

　　答案：D　從詞語搭配角度考慮。年事已高的曼德拉不得不在采石場(chǎng)(stone pit)從事繁重的體力勞動(dòng)，將大石塊砸成碎小的石料。

　　6．A.collecting

　　B．producing

　　C．discovering

　　D．planting

　　答案：A　從上下文的線索考慮。不去砸石子時(shí)，曼德拉得下海采集海帶。

　　7．A.served

　　B．guarded

　　C．treated

　　D．cured

　　答案：B　從全篇的主旨和上下文的線索考慮。由于是要犯，共有三個(gè)專人看守曼德拉，guard有“看守”之意，故選B。

　　8．A.punished

　　B．killed

　　C．hated

　　D．fired

　　答案：A　從語境角度考慮。這些看守人員總是挑刺懲罰(punish)他。

　　9．A.sentence

　　B．election

　　C．prison

　　D．office

　　答案：C　從線索的角度考慮。1991年，曼德拉終于被釋放。表示“出獄”，用release from prison。

　　10．A.palace

　　B．room

　　C．get-together

　　D．power

　　答案：D　從詞語搭配和線索的角度考慮。上文有“ceremony”，后文有“President of South Africa”，此處的come into power的意思是“就職；上臺(tái)；登基”。

　　11．A.opinions

　　B．leaders

　　C．demands

　　D．differences

　　答案：B　從全篇的主旨和上下文的線索考慮。在就職儀式上，曼德拉首先介紹前去出席儀式的各國(guó)政要(leaders)。

　　12．A.surprise

　　B．a(chǎn)nger

　　C．joy

　　D．disappointment

　　答案：C　從全篇的主旨和線索考慮。此處為體現(xiàn)主旨的關(guān)鍵信息，前文有轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。此句大意為：各國(guó)政要的到場(chǎng)祝賀令曼德拉非常高興，但最使他高興的是那三個(gè)曾在他被囚禁期間看守他的獄卒也到場(chǎng)祝賀。

　　13．A.let

　　B．demanded

　　C．ordered

　　D．requested

　　答案：D　從全篇的主旨和上下文線索考慮。曼德拉不計(jì)前嫌，以德報(bào)怨，請(qǐng)出這三位小人物。request sb. to do sth.“邀請(qǐng)某人做某事”；demand與order都含有命令口吻，語氣過于強(qiáng)硬，且demand要加of才能接賓補(bǔ)，即：demand of sb. to do sth.；let結(jié)構(gòu)不對(duì)。故只有D項(xiàng)符合題意。

　　14．A.around

　　B．nearby

　　C．present

　　D．faraway

　　答案：C　從上下文的線索考慮。“在場(chǎng)的每個(gè)人”，present常作后置定語，表示“出席的，到場(chǎng)的”。

　　15．A.saluted

　　B．greeted

　　C．a(chǎn)pologized

　　D．talked

　　答案：A　從全文的主旨和上下文的線索考慮。年事已高的曼德拉慢慢地從自己的座位上站起來。向這三個(gè)小人物行禮。salute(正式地)“行禮，致敬”，一般用于莊重場(chǎng)合；greet“問候，致敬”，常用于一般場(chǎng)合。此處為“行軍禮”，故選A。

　　16．A.experienced

　　B．broad-minded

　　C．generous

　　D．open-minded

　　答案：B　從全文的主旨考慮。曼德拉如此博大的胸懷使得那些曾頑固堅(jiān)持種族隔離政策并欺負(fù)曼德拉27年的所有白人汗顏、無地自容。broad-minded“寬宏大量的，心胸寬廣的”；generous“慷慨大方的”；open-minded“思想開明的，虛心的”，由題意知，B項(xiàng)正確。

　　17．A.pitiful

　　B．painful

　　C．delighted

　　D．shamed

　　答案：D　從上下文的線索考慮。make sb. shamed“使某人感到慚愧”。

　　18．A.at war

　　B．a(chǎn)t church

　　C．in prison

　　D．in school

　　答案：C　從上下文的線索考慮。正是在獄中，他學(xué)會(huì)了控制自己。in prison“在獄中”。

　　19．A.fight

　　B．survive