2024高考英語二輪單項選擇訓(xùn)練集合（06）
2024高考英語二輪單項選擇系列（06）
語法專練
1．(·高考北京卷)Maybe if I ________ science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.
A．studied
B．would study
C．had studied
D．was studying
解析：選C。句意：或許如果當(dāng)初我學(xué)習(xí)理科而不是文學(xué)的話，我(現(xiàn)在)就能給你更多的幫助。根據(jù)從句中的狀語then可知，從句表示對過去情況的虛擬，根據(jù)與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句的表達(dá)方法可知，條件狀語從句中應(yīng)該用“had done”。因此選項C正確。A項表示與現(xiàn)在或者將來相反的虛擬條件；B項和D項不能表示虛擬語氣。
2．—Why didn’t you tell me the truth that day?
—I ________，but you ________ for Shanghai when I went to see you.
A．did；would leave
B．would；had been away
C．would have；had left
D．had；were away
解析：選C。考查含蓄虛擬語氣和時態(tài)。but引導(dǎo)的句子交代了含蓄的條件“假如你沒有動身去上海的話”，所以第一空要用would have done結(jié)構(gòu)，此處省略了told you the truth；第二空中的動作發(fā)生在從句動作“went to see you”以前，屬于過去的過去，應(yīng)該用過去完成時。
3．(2024·河南模擬)—Mary，how did your math test go?
—I had thought I ________，but in fact I came in the top 10 in my class.
A．should have failed
B．couldn’t have failed
C．might have failed
D．shouldn’t have failed
解析：選C。考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。might have done表示對過去發(fā)生的事情的猜測或擔(dān)心，意思是“或許會……”，而事實上不一定如此。
4．(2024·濰坊教學(xué)檢測)How I wish I ________ my mouth before I shouted at my mum!
A．shut
B．have shut
C．had shut
D．would shut
解析：選C。考查虛擬語氣。wish后跟從句，從句要用虛擬語氣，因為后面是過去時，故此處表示與過去事實相反，要用過去完成時。
5．—Why didn’t you go to Mike’s birthday party yesterday?
—Well，I ________，but I forgot it.
A．should
B．would
C．should have
D．must have
解析：選C。should have done表示“過去本應(yīng)該做某事(卻沒有做)”。must have done則用于表示對過去所發(fā)生事情的肯定猜測。
6．—Dad，can I surf the Internet?
—Again？I wish that you ________ going online________ your health.
A．know；will do harm to
B．knew；is doing harm to
C．know；have done harm to
D．knew；were doing harm to
解析：選B。本題中wish后的賓語從句通常用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反或不太可能實現(xiàn)的愿望。
7．________ it rain tomorrow，we would have to ________ the picnic.
A．Would；put forward
B．Should；call off
C．Were；put off
D．Should；put up
解析：選B。put forward意為“提出”；call off意為“取消”；put up意為“舉起”。根據(jù)句意可排除A和D兩項；were不能和動詞原形rain連用，排除C。此句實際上是一個對將來表示虛擬的句型，即If＋主語＋should＋動詞＋其他，主語＋would＋動詞＋其他。如果if被省略，則要將should提到句首。
8．So you have to leave.How nice it ________ if you ________ a bit longer!
A．would be；could stay
B．is；can stay
C．should be；stay
D．was；are able to stay
解析：選A。句意為：這么說你得離開了。要是你能多呆會兒那該多好啊！從第一句可知，對方不能再呆了，所以后邊應(yīng)用與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，從句用過去時，主句用(情態(tài)動詞＋)動詞原形。
9．Jenny ________ her word.I wonder why she changed her mind.
A．must have kept
B．can have kept
C．should have kept
D．needn’t have kept
解析：選C。考查“情態(tài)動詞＋have done”的用法。這里表示“過去本該做……，(而實際上)卻沒有做……”應(yīng)該用should have done結(jié)構(gòu)。
10．Look at the terrible situation I am in！If only I ________ your advice.
A．follow
B．had followed
C．would follow
D．have followed
解析：選B。此處是對過去事實的虛擬，if only后的句子應(yīng)用過去完成時。1．(2024·西安模擬)—May I tell this to my close friend?
—No，you________ .Never let anybody else know about it.
A．needn't
B．shouldn't
Cmustn't
D．can't
C，mustn't 表示“不允許，不可以”，語氣強烈。
答案：C
2．Shopping online can save much time as you________ go to a shop or walk around crowded shopping centers.
A．don't have to
B．oughtn't to
Cwon't
D．mustn't
A。
答案：A
3．(2024·唐山調(diào)研)The welldressed lady was caught stealing in the fashion shop.Strangely enough，she ________ have done such a thing.
A．would
B．must
Cshould
D．might
Strangely enough 可知，這里應(yīng)該用should，表示驚訝，可譯為“竟然”。
答案：C
4．(2024·廣州二模)Don't play with the dog，Jack，for it________ be dangerous at times.
A．shall
B．should
Ccan
D．must
can 在此表示理論上的可能性，其他三項則無此意，故選C項。
答案：C
5．(2024·深圳聯(lián)考)“Attention，please.Whoever can answer one of my questions ________ receive a prize，” the teacher said in class.
A．might
B．shall
Cshould
D．would
shall用于第二和第三人稱時，可以表示警告、命令、允諾、威脅等語氣；might 表示可能性很小；should 表示“應(yīng)該(義務(wù)性)”；would 表示意志(意愿)。這里選B項表示允諾。
答案：B
6．(2024·揚州月考)—Where is Lucy?
—I can't say where she is，but she________ have gone to meet her classmates，for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.
A．can
B．should
Cmust
D．may
have done”。從前面的“我不確定她在哪里”可知，用may have done，表示“過去可能已經(jīng)做了……”(不確定)。must have done表示“過去一定做了……”(非常確定)；can have done 用在否定句和疑問句中，should have done 表示“過去本該做……(實際卻沒做)”。
答案：D
7．(2024·淮陽二模)—Has Tim started？He said he would join in the party.
—He________ .He is a man of his word.
A．could have left
B．must have left
Ccan't come
D．won't be coming
He is a man of his word.可知他是一個守信的人，因此推測他肯定已經(jīng)啟程了。
句意為：——Tim 啟程了嗎？他說他要參加聚會。——他一定已經(jīng)啟程了，他是一個守信的人。must have done“一定干了某事”，故B項正確。
答案：B
8．—Mum，would you please buy me an MP5 player?
—If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation，you ________ have one as a reward.
A．must
B．need
Cwould
D．shall
shall用于第一、三人稱問句中表示征詢對方意見；shall用于第二、三人稱的肯定句中，表示“警告、許諾、命令、威脅”等語氣。答句句意：如果你整個假期能夠幫助洗盤子的話，就會得到一個MP5作為回報。shall表示允諾。
答案：D
9．________ anyone call，please tell him I'm not free.
A．Must
B．Can
CMay
D．Should
if 虛擬條件句，補充完整為：If anyone should call，please tell him I'm not free.當(dāng)if 省略時，句子要倒裝，故D項正確。
答案：D
10．(2024·西安調(diào)考)If you hadn't taken such a long time to get dressed，we ________ there by now.
A．would be
B．a(chǎn)re
Chave been
D．had been
A項。
答案：A
11．(2024·淮陽模擬)—I didn't attend the lecture yesterday.
—I________ ，either，if my mother hadn't reminded me.
A．wouldn't
B．wouldn't have
Cdidn't
D．hadn't
if my mother hadn't reminded me 知，此處是對過去狀況的虛擬，主句應(yīng)該用should/would/could/might＋have done結(jié)構(gòu)，從選項中看只有B項合適(I wouldn't have 是I wouldn't have attended the lecture的省略)。
答案：B
12．(2024·莆田一模)—How much of the foreign expert's speech have you understood?
—Next to nothing.I wish I________ harder at English.
A．worked
B．had worked
Cwould work
D．were working
wish 后的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，此處表示與過去事實相反，意思是：我希望我(過去)更努力地學(xué)習(xí)英語了。
答案：B
13．(2024·萊州質(zhì)檢)—Did you make it at last?
—Yes.But for your help，it________ a serious loss.
A．would cause
B．must have caused
C．would have caused
D．may cause
解析：考查虛擬語氣。句意為：——你們最后成功了嗎？——成功了，要不是你的幫助，我們的損失就大了。but for...要不是……。
答案：C
14．(2024·濱州質(zhì)檢)You ________ as well do this now, for you will have to do it first or last.
A．need
B．must
Ccan
D．may
may。語意：你不妨現(xiàn)在做，因為你早晚要做。may as well 表示“不妨，倒不如”。
答案：D
15．(2024·青島調(diào)研)If we're to get better business growth, then his idea ________ be taken too seriously.
A．should
B．may
Ccan't
D．mustn't
can。從語意和用詞看，本題選C，can't/can not...too 表示“再……也不為過，越……越好”。
答案：C
16．(2024·德州二模)—Oh, it is seven. Tom, it is high time you ________ to school.
—Mom, don't you remember it is Sunday?
A．go
B．went
Cwill go
D．must go
It is high time that... 后面的從句要用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞通常用過去式。
答案：B
17．________ today, he would get there by Friday.
A．Was he to leave
B．Was he leaving
CWere he to leave
D．If he leaves
were to do 的形式，從句可以省去if并將were放于句首。
答案：C
18．(2024·長沙月考)If you ________ the medicine yesterday, you ________ fine now!
A．took；would be
B．had taken；would have been
C．had taken；would be
D．took；would have been
解析：考查虛擬語氣。這是一個錯綜條件句。條件與過去的事實相反，用過去完成時；而主句表達(dá)的結(jié)果與現(xiàn)在的事實相反，用would＋v原形的形式。
答案：C
19．(2024·沈陽模擬)Seeing how tired my son was, I offered to help. But my wife insisted that our son ________ the house on his own.
A．clean
B．cleaned
Ccleaning
D．would clean
insist 在此表示“堅持要求”，后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞用“(should)＋do”的形式。
答案：A
20．35 passengers died in the bullet train accident. But for the heroic train driver, many more people ________.
A．had died
B．would die
Cwould have died
D．died
解析：考查虛擬語氣。But for the heroic train driver 意為“要不是那個英勇的司機”，表達(dá)的是一個與過去事實相反的條件，故主句表達(dá)的結(jié)果也應(yīng)該與過去的結(jié)果相反，應(yīng)用would have done結(jié)構(gòu)，故答案為C。
答案：C。
2024高考英語二輪單項選擇系列（06）
語法專練
1．(·高考北京卷)Maybe if I ________ science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.
A．studied
B．would study
C．had studied
D．was studying
解析：選C。句意：或許如果當(dāng)初我學(xué)習(xí)理科而不是文學(xué)的話，我(現(xiàn)在)就能給你更多的幫助。根據(jù)從句中的狀語then可知，從句表示對過去情況的虛擬，根據(jù)與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句的表達(dá)方法可知，條件狀語從句中應(yīng)該用“had done”。因此選項C正確。A項表示與現(xiàn)在或者將來相反的虛擬條件；B項和D項不能表示虛擬語氣。
2．—Why didn’t you tell me the truth that day?
—I ________，but you ________ for Shanghai when I went to see you.
A．did；would leave
B．would；had been away
C．would have；had left
D．had；were away
解析：選C。考查含蓄虛擬語氣和時態(tài)。but引導(dǎo)的句子交代了含蓄的條件“假如你沒有動身去上海的話”，所以第一空要用would have done結(jié)構(gòu)，此處省略了told you the truth；第二空中的動作發(fā)生在從句動作“went to see you”以前，屬于過去的過去，應(yīng)該用過去完成時。
3．(2024·河南模擬)—Mary，how did your math test go?
—I had thought I ________，but in fact I came in the top 10 in my class.
A．should have failed
B．couldn’t have failed
C．might have failed
D．shouldn’t have failed
解析：選C。考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。might have done表示對過去發(fā)生的事情的猜測或擔(dān)心，意思是“或許會……”，而事實上不一定如此。
4．(2024·濰坊教學(xué)檢測)How I wish I ________ my mouth before I shouted at my mum!
A．shut
B．have shut
C．had shut
D．would shut
解析：選C。考查虛擬語氣。wish后跟從句，從句要用虛擬語氣，因為后面是過去時，故此處表示與過去事實相反，要用過去完成時。
5．—Why didn’t you go to Mike’s birthday party yesterday?
—Well，I ________，but I forgot it.
A．should
B．would
C．should have
D．must have
解析：選C。should have done表示“過去本應(yīng)該做某事(卻沒有做)”。must have done則用于表示對過去所發(fā)生事情的肯定猜測。
6．—Dad，can I surf the Internet?
—Again？I wish that you ________ going online________ your health.
A．know；will do harm to
B．knew；is doing harm to
C．know；have done harm to
D．knew；were doing harm to
解析：選B。本題中wish后的賓語從句通常用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反或不太可能實現(xiàn)的愿望。
7．________ it rain tomorrow，we would have to ________ the picnic.
A．Would；put forward
B．Should；call off
C．Were；put off
D．Should；put up
解析：選B。put forward意為“提出”；call off意為“取消”；put up意為“舉起”。根據(jù)句意可排除A和D兩項；were不能和動詞原形rain連用，排除C。此句實際上是一個對將來表示虛擬的句型，即If＋主語＋should＋動詞＋其他，主語＋would＋動詞＋其他。如果if被省略，則要將should提到句首。
8．So you have to leave.How nice it ________ if you ________ a bit longer!
A．would be；could stay
B．is；can stay
C．should be；stay
D．was；are able to stay
解析：選A。句意為：這么說你得離開了。要是你能多呆會兒那該多好啊！從第一句可知，對方不能再呆了，所以后邊應(yīng)用與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，從句用過去時，主句用(情態(tài)動詞＋)動詞原形。
9．Jenny ________ her word.I wonder why she changed her mind.
A．must have kept
B．can have kept
C．should have kept
D．needn’t have kept
解析：選C。考查“情態(tài)動詞＋have done”的用法。這里表示“過去本該做……，(而實際上)卻沒有做……”應(yīng)該用should have done結(jié)構(gòu)。
10．Look at the terrible situation I am in！If only I ________ your advice.
A．follow
B．had followed
C．would follow
D．have followed
解析：選B。此處是對過去事實的虛擬，if only后的句子應(yīng)用過去完成時。1．(2024·西安模擬)—May I tell this to my close friend?
—No，you________ .Never let anybody else know about it.
A．needn't
B．shouldn't
Cmustn't
D．can't
C，mustn't 表示“不允許，不可以”，語氣強烈。
答案：C
2．Shopping online can save much time as you________ go to a shop or walk around crowded shopping centers.
A．don't have to
B．oughtn't to
Cwon't
D．mustn't
A。
答案：A
3．(2024·唐山調(diào)研)The welldressed lady was caught stealing in the fashion shop.Strangely enough，she ________ have done such a thing.
A．would
B．must
Cshould
D．might
Strangely enough 可知，這里應(yīng)該用should，表示驚訝，可譯為“竟然”。
答案：C
4．(2024·廣州二模)Don't play with the dog，Jack，for it________ be dangerous at times.
A．shall
B．should
Ccan
D．must
can 在此表示理論上的可能性，其他三項則無此意，故選C項。
答案：C
5．(2024·深圳聯(lián)考)“Attention，please.Whoever can answer one of my questions ________ receive a prize，” the teacher said in class.
A．might
B．shall
Cshould
D．would
shall用于第二和第三人稱時，可以表示警告、命令、允諾、威脅等語氣；might 表示可能性很小；should 表示“應(yīng)該(義務(wù)性)”；would 表示意志(意愿)。這里選B項表示允諾。
答案：B
6．(2024·揚州月考)—Where is Lucy?
—I can't say where she is，but she________ have gone to meet her classmates，for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.
A．can
B．should
Cmust
D．may
have done”。從前面的“我不確定她在哪里”可知，用may have done，表示“過去可能已經(jīng)做了……”(不確定)。must have done表示“過去一定做了……”(非常確定)；can have done 用在否定句和疑問句中，should have done 表示“過去本該做……(實際卻沒做)”。
答案：D
7．(2024·淮陽二模)—Has Tim started？He said he would join in the party.
—He________ .He is a man of his word.
A．could have left
B．must have left
Ccan't come
D．won't be coming
He is a man of his word.可知他是一個守信的人，因此推測他肯定已經(jīng)啟程了。
句意為：——Tim 啟程了嗎？他說他要參加聚會。——他一定已經(jīng)啟程了，他是一個守信的人。must have done“一定干了某事”，故B項正確。
答案：B
8．—Mum，would you please buy me an MP5 player?
—If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation，you ________ have one as a reward.
A．must
B．need
Cwould
D．shall
shall用于第一、三人稱問句中表示征詢對方意見；shall用于第二、三人稱的肯定句中，表示“警告、許諾、命令、威脅”等語氣。答句句意：如果你整個假期能夠幫助洗盤子的話，就會得到一個MP5作為回報。shall表示允諾。
答案：D
9．________ anyone call，please tell him I'm not free.
A．Must
B．Can
CMay
D．Should
if 虛擬條件句，補充完整為：If anyone should call，please tell him I'm not free.當(dāng)if 省略時，句子要倒裝，故D項正確。
答案：D
10．(2024·西安調(diào)考)If you hadn't taken such a long time to get dressed，we ________ there by now.
A．would be
B．a(chǎn)re
Chave been
D．had been
A項。
答案：A
11．(2024·淮陽模擬)—I didn't attend the lecture yesterday.
—I________ ，either，if my mother hadn't reminded me.
A．wouldn't
B．wouldn't have
Cdidn't
D．hadn't
if my mother hadn't reminded me 知，此處是對過去狀況的虛擬，主句應(yīng)該用should/would/could/might＋have done結(jié)構(gòu)，從選項中看只有B項合適(I wouldn't have 是I wouldn't have attended the lecture的省略)。
答案：B
12．(2024·莆田一模)—How much of the foreign expert's speech have you understood?
—Next to nothing.I wish I________ harder at English.
A．worked
B．had worked
Cwould work
D．were working
wish 后的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，此處表示與過去事實相反，意思是：我希望我(過去)更努力地學(xué)習(xí)英語了。
答案：B
13．(2024·萊州質(zhì)檢)—Did you make it at last?
—Yes.But for your help，it________ a serious loss.
A．would cause
B．must have caused
C．would have caused
D．may cause
解析：考查虛擬語氣。句意為：——你們最后成功了嗎？——成功了，要不是你的幫助，我們的損失就大了。but for...要不是……。
答案：C
14．(2024·濱州質(zhì)檢)You ________ as well do this now, for you will have to do it first or last.
A．need
B．must
Ccan
D．may
may。語意：你不妨現(xiàn)在做，因為你早晚要做。may as well 表示“不妨，倒不如”。
答案：D
15．(2024·青島調(diào)研)If we're to get better business growth, then his idea ________ be taken too seriously.
A．should
B．may
Ccan't
D．mustn't
can。從語意和用詞看，本題選C，can't/can not...too 表示“再……也不為過，越……越好”。
答案：C
16．(2024·德州二模)—Oh, it is seven. Tom, it is high time you ________ to school.
—Mom, don't you remember it is Sunday?
A．go
B．went
Cwill go
D．must go
It is high time that... 后面的從句要用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞通常用過去式。
答案：B
17．________ today, he would get there by Friday.
A．Was he to leave
B．Was he leaving
CWere he to leave
D．If he leaves
were to do 的形式，從句可以省去if并將were放于句首。
答案：C
18．(2024·長沙月考)If you ________ the medicine yesterday, you ________ fine now!
A．took；would be
B．had taken；would have been
C．had taken；would be
D．took；would have been
解析：考查虛擬語氣。這是一個錯綜條件句。條件與過去的事實相反，用過去完成時；而主句表達(dá)的結(jié)果與現(xiàn)在的事實相反，用would＋v原形的形式。
答案：C
19．(2024·沈陽模擬)Seeing how tired my son was, I offered to help. But my wife insisted that our son ________ the house on his own.
A．clean
B．cleaned
Ccleaning
D．would clean
insist 在此表示“堅持要求”，后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞用“(should)＋do”的形式。
答案：A
20．35 passengers died in the bullet train accident. But for the heroic train driver, many more people ________.
A．had died
B．would die
Cwould have died
D．died
解析：考查虛擬語氣。But for the heroic train driver 意為“要不是那個英勇的司機”，表達(dá)的是一個與過去事實相反的條件，故主句表達(dá)的結(jié)果也應(yīng)該與過去的結(jié)果相反，應(yīng)用would have done結(jié)構(gòu)，故答案為C。
答案：C。
