4．Don’t be so discouraged.If you __________ such feelings，you will do better next time. A．carry on

　　B．get back C．break down

　　D．put away 解析：選D。考查動詞短語辨析。carry on開展，進行；get back取回，拿回；break down分解，崩潰；put away收拾起來。 1(教材P2)So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak. 每次爆發霍亂時，都有大批驚恐的老百姓病死。 句型精析 【點津】　(1)every time引導一個時間狀語從句，相當于whenever，意思是“每當……”。 (2)名詞詞組作連詞用，引導時間狀語從句的還有：each time，any time,the last time，next time，the first time，the moment，the second，the minute，the hour，the day等。 (3)有些副詞，如directly，instantly，immediately也可引導狀語從句。 ①Next time you come to Beijing，be sure to let me know in advance.下次你來北京，務必要提前告訴我。 ②Every_time/Each_time they met，they would talk long hours together.他們每次見面都會談論很長時間。 ③The moment he got out of the airport，the pop star was surrounded by his fans. 這位著名的歌星一出飛機場，就被歌迷圍了起來。 ④Immediately she saw her mother，she burst into tears. 她一看見母親就突然哭起來。 【溫馨提示】　(1)for the first time是介詞短語，只可作時間狀語，而the first time是連詞，引導時間狀語從句。 (2)It is the first time that...(如果前面用is，從句動詞用現在完成時；如果用was，則用過去完成時。) (3)It’s high/about time that...(從句動詞用過去時或should＋動詞原形) ⑤It is the first time that I have visited the Great Wall. 這是我第一次參觀長城。 ⑥It_is_high_time_that we left for Beijing. 到我們出發去北京的時間了。 2(教材P2)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人們既不知道其起因，也不知道它的治療方法。 【點津】　neither...nor... 既不……也不……，連接句中兩個相同成分。 ①I neither knew nor cared what had happened to him. 我既不知道也不關心他出了什么事。 ②Neither Jim nor his parents have seen the film. ＝Neither his parents nor Jim has seen the film. 吉姆和她的父母都沒有看過這部電影。 【溫馨提示】　(1)句型“nor/neither＋系動詞/助動詞/情態動詞＋另一個主語”用于否定陳述句之后，表示“也不”，相當于either用于否定句。 ③I haven’t seen the film，nor/neither has Mary. 我沒看過這部電影，瑪麗也沒看過。 (2)“so＋助動詞/be/情態動詞＋主語”,表示上句所談到的情況也適用于另一主語。 ④If you go to David’s wedding tomorrow，so_will_I. 如果你明天參加戴維的婚禮，那我也去。 (3)如果下文表示的是對上文的贊成或肯定，則僅需要把so放于句首，其后用正常語序。 ⑤—He came to school late yesterday. ——他昨天上學遲到了。 —So he did.——他確實遲到了。 (4)如果表示前面兩件或兩件以上的事也適合于另一人或物時，則需要用So it is/was with...或It is/was the same with...。 ⑥Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States.So_it_was_with Jane./It_was_the_same with Jane. 瑪麗在澳大利亞出生，在美國居住。簡也是。 跟蹤訓練 1．Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason，and __________. A．I was neither

　　B．neither was I C．I was either

　　D．either was I 解析：選B。句意為：比爾對賈森推遲做報告這件事表示不高興，我也不高興。根據題意可知，我也不(高興),neither/nor＋系動詞/助動詞/情態動詞＋sb.表示某人也不(同意或贊成上文的觀點)，易把either看做neither，無either was I句式，故選B。 2．If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party,__________. A．he will either

　　B．neither will he C．he neither will

　　D．either he will 解析：選B。考查倒裝句。其形式為neither/nor＋助動詞＋主語。 3．Neither I nor Jane and Mary __________ tired of having one examination after another. A．is

　　B．are C．am

　　D．be 解析：選B。本題考查neither...nor...連接兩個主語時的主謂一致問題。根據鄰近原則be動詞應與Jane and Mary一致，故用復數are。 4．(2011·高考江西卷)—I reminded you not to forget the appointment. —__________. A．So you did

　　B．So I do not C．So did you

　　D．So do I 解析：選A。本題考查固定句式用法。So＋主語＋助動詞/連系動詞/情態動詞,表示對別人說法予以認可。 5．—I like to surf the Internet but I don’t like to watch TV. —__________. A．So do I

　　B．Nor do I C．As do I

　　D．So it is with me 解析：選D。So it is/was with...“……也這樣”，主要用來表示“一個人的多種情況與另一個人的多種情況是一致的”。 6．(2011·高考大綱全國卷)Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and __________. A．neither won’t Tom

　　B．Tom won’t either C．Tom will too

　　D．so will Tom 解析：選B。句意：簡今晚不和我們一起吃晚飯了，湯姆也不來了。本題考查句子結構。分析句子結構和句意可知，空格處的句子意為“……也不如此”。句子的前半部分表示否定，所以可排除C項和D項；A項中won’t形式不對，故選B，相當于：neither/nor will Tom。 7．__________ you talk with someone or write a message，you show your skills to others. A．At times

　　B．Some time C．Every time

　　D．The time 解析：選C。句意：每次你與別人交談或寫信息，你都向別人展示你的技能。every time是名詞詞組用作連詞，引導時間狀語從句。 本部分內容講解結束 按ESC鍵退出全屏播放 Ⅱ.單項填空 1．According to the driver’s explanation，it was not his carelessness but the bad road conditions that __________ for the accident. A．was to blame　 B．was to be blamed C．were to be blamed

　　D．were to blame 解析：選D。考查be＋動詞不定式的用法。be＋動詞不定式可表示該做或不該做的事情。be to blame意思為“應該負責；應該受懲罰”。(注意：not...but...連接兩個名詞作主語時，句子謂語單復數根據就近原則決定。故選D項。 2．Nowadays，children are __________ to too many violent online games，which is bad for the development of their character. A．linked

　　B．led C．used

　　D．exposed 解析：選D。考查動詞辨析。句意為：當今，孩子們接觸過多暴力網絡游戲，這對他們的性格發展不好。be exposed to接觸……，暴露在……，符合題意。 3．After __________ while，the manager drew __________ conclusion that they wouldn’t take the risk of buying this dying factory. A．a；a

　　B．a；the C．不填；a

　　D．不填；the 解析：選A。考查冠詞。after a while(一會兒)和draw/come to a conclusion...(得出結論)，是固定短語。 4．My English teacher，who is strict __________ us，contributes some articles __________ the newspaper every month. A．with；to

　　B．with；for C．in；to

　　D．in；for 解析：選A。考查介詞搭配。be strict with sb.表示“對某人嚴格要求”；contribute...to...表示“對……做出貢獻；向……投稿”。 5．When I opened the door，I found my father sitting in his chair，completely __________ a magazine. A．absorbing in

　　B．absorbed in C．absorbing to

　　D．absorbed with 解析：選B。句意：當我打開門時，我發現父親正坐在椅子上全神貫注地看雜志。be absorbed in“全神貫注于……”，absorbed...為形容詞短語，在句中作伴隨狀語。 短語精釋 1put forward　提出(建議)；推薦；將……提前 (教材P1)Who put forward a theory about black holes? 誰提出的黑洞理論？ 歸納拓展 put away/aside放在一邊；收拾起來；儲存 put up with忍受 put back放回 put out撲滅 put up 舉起；建造 put off延期 ①The plan put forward by the old professor was well worth considering.那位老教授提出的計劃很值得考慮。 ②They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.他們將婚禮日期提前了一周。 ③(2011·高考課標全國卷)I can put_up_with the house being untidy，but I hate it if it’s not clean. 我可以忍受房間亂點兒，但我討厭它不干凈。 ④It is wise to have some money put_away for old age. 存些錢養老是明智的做法。 2make sense　有意義；有道理；講得通 (教材P7)Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.　只有當你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能說得清楚。 歸納拓展 ①It makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control. 在失控前致力于解決這個問題，這么做是明智的。 ②There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make_any_sense_of them at all.這一段中有那么多生詞以致于我根本不理解它們的含義。

　　③(朗文P1855)There is no sense in

　　my painting the door if we’re going to replace it later.如果我們打算以后把門換掉，那我給它上漆就毫無意義了。 ④In_no_sense do I agree with this suggestion. 無論如何我都不贊同這個建議。 跟蹤訓練 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．At the meeting，Robert ________________________________(提出一項建議)which was well received by everyone present. put forward a suggestion 2．No matter how I tried to read it，the sentence ________________(講不通)． didn’t make sense 3．—Why not join us in playing football? —I’m afraid not，for I ________________ important ________________.(處理) have something to attend to 4．The boss of Microsoft is ____________________________(對職員非常嚴格)，so everyone in the company has to be completely strict __________ their work. very strict with the staff in 5．_________________________(除費用之外)，the dress doesn’t suit me.

　　6．Many of these conditions ________________(與……有關) unsafe drinking water，dirty living conditions and air pollution. Apart from the cost are linked to Ⅱ.單項填空 1．None of the travelers paid attention to the advice __________ by the villager and got lost in the forest. A．put away

　　B．put up C．put forward

　　D．put out 解析：選C。考查短語動詞。根據語境可知，游客們在森林里迷路了，是因為他們中沒有一個人在意那位村民提出(put forward)的建議。put away放起來；put up展示，張貼；put out撲滅。 2．(2024·上海交大附中模擬)—________to the sun，the flower will become dry soon. —What you said does make________. A．Exposed；sense

　　B．Exposing；sense C．Exposed；senses

　　D．Exposing；a sense 解析：選A。句意：——暴露在日光下，這花兒很快就會被曬干。——你說的話的確有道理。第一個空expose與flower之間是動賓關系，所以應用過去分詞作狀語，第二個空make sense為固定用法，表示“有道理，講得通”。 3．(2011·高考福建卷)__________ good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes. A．Far from

　　B．Apart from C．Instead of

　　D．Regardless of 解析：選B。句意：除了良好的服務以外，飯店還提供不同種類的傳統福建美食。本題考查介詞短語的辨析。apart from除了；far from完全不；instead of代替，而不是；regardless of不管，不顧。根據句意可知，正確答案為B項。 ③(牛津 P409)I’ve come to the conclusion

　　that he is not the right person for the job.我斷定他不適合做這項工作。 2defeat　vt.打敗；戰勝；使受挫　n．失敗 (教材 P3)Finally “King Cholera” was defeated. 最終，霍亂被打敗了。 ①(朗文P528)It was a lack of money，not effort，that defeated their plan. 他們的計劃失敗并非努力不夠，而是缺乏資金。 ②Although there were lots of difficulties to overcome，she never let her problems defeat her.雖然生活中有許多困難要去克服，但她從不讓困難打敗自己。 ③As is expected，our baseball team has suffered another defeat.正如所預料的一樣，我們的棒球隊再次失敗了。 辨析defeat/beat/win defeat/beat defeat和beat是同義詞，其賓語為“人”或“一個團體”，常可互換。defeat側重在戰場上打敗敵人。beat常用于游戲或比賽中。 win win后接sth.，表示在較強的競爭中取得了勝利，賓語多用game，war，prize等詞，不能是人；win也可用作不及物動詞，表示“贏，獲勝”。 巧思妙解 用win，beat，defeat填空 (1)No difficulty could ______________ this brave man since he is so confident and capable. defeat/beat (2)He was so nervous that he could feel his heart ________ faster. (3)Who do you think will ________ the beauty contest? beating win 3expose 　vt. 暴露，揭露；使曝光；使面臨 (教材P2)But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.　但當他一想到要幫助那些得了霍亂的普通百姓時，就感到很受鼓舞。 (1)expose...to 使顯露；暴露 expose sth.to sb. 向某人揭發某事 (2)be exposed to 暴露于……，處于……危險中 助 記 圖解expose的一詞多義：

　　歸納拓展

　　①(上海高考)Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin. 暴露在陽光下太久對皮膚有害。 ②Don’t expose_your_skin_to direct sunlight，or you’ll get burnt. 不要讓你的皮膚直接暴曬于陽光下，否則你會被曬傷。 ③It is reported that he exposed the truth of the milk poisoning incident to the public. 他向公眾揭露了毒奶粉事件的真相。 4absorb 　vt. 吸收；吸引；使專心；并入，并吞；理解，掌握 (教材P2)The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. 第二種看法表明人們是在吃飯時把這種病毒引入體內的。 歸納拓展

　　①(朗文P7)You could tell he was absorbed in his conversation，not paying

　　much attention to

　　the road. 可以看出，他當時光顧著說話而沒有注意到路上的情況。 ②(朗文P7)I keep the lesson simple because small kids can’t absorb that much. 我把課講得很簡單，因為小孩子理解不了那么多。 ③Absorbed_in his work，Tom simply forgot food and sleep. 湯姆專心于工作，幾乎忘記了吃飯和睡覺。

　　5blame 　vt. 責備；譴責；把……歸咎于　n．過失；責備 (教材P2)It seemed that the water was to blame. 看來水是罪魁禍首。 歸納拓展 ①(牛津P192)Police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving.警方把事故原因歸咎于危險駕駛。 ②Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy，saying that he was not the one to_blame.格林先生站起來保護這個16歲的男孩，說他不是該受譴責的人。 ③He put the blame for his failure in the exam on his teacher.＝He blamed his failure in the exam on his teacher. 他將這次考試的失敗歸咎于他的老師。 ④Blamed_for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.因弄壞了學校計算機網絡系統而受到譴責，Alice情緒很低落。 6contribute　vt.& vi.捐款；貢獻；捐助 歸納拓展 ①Eating too much fat can contribute to heart disease and cause high blood pressure. 攝入太多的脂肪會導致心臟病和高血壓的發生。 ②Many people contributed money to the poor boy，which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to a newspaper.許多人給這個可憐的小男孩捐錢，這使他重新回到了校園。一位作家寫了一篇關于此事的文章并把它投到了報社。 ③I admire Edison a lot because he made great contributions_to the world. 我敬佩愛迪生，因為他對世界作出了巨大貢獻。 跟蹤訓練 Ⅰ.選詞填空 defeat；contribute；expose；blame；cure；conclude 1．We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that is to __________ for their son’s bad performance at school. 2．His grandfather died before long，because the doctors didn’t __________ him of his lung cancer. blame cure 3．Let me __________ my speech with a saying：Where there is a will，there is a way. 4．As is known to us，a balanced diet and proper exercise can __________ to good health. conclude contribute 5．The army was well-trained and well-armed，and had little difficulty __________ the enemy. 6．He smiled suddenly，__________ a set of amazing white teeth. defeating exposing Unit 1　Great scientists ——偉大的科學家 基礎盤點自測自評 核心單詞

　　1．The writer was so ____________ (專心于)in her work that she didn’t notice Jim enter the room. absorbed 2．After eight years of fighting，the Chinese people finally ____________ (打敗)the Japanese enemies. 3．Mr.Green ____________(宣布)to his friends his engagement to Miss.White. defeated announced 4．Finding a cure for AIDS is one of the greatest ____________(挑戰)doctors facing today. 5．It is none of your business whether I accept them or ____________(拒絕)them. challenges reject 6．Though society is developing fast，there is still no ____________ (治愈)method for such a disease. 7．They have the confidence and ability to ____________ (處理)the important matter well. handle cure 8．Many retired people can still ____________(貢獻) to the society with their rich experience. 9．用conclude 的適當形式填空 (1)Taking account of all these factors,we may reach the ____________ that parents are the best teachers of their children. contribute conclusion (2)Johnson ____________ from his studies that equality between the sexes is still a long way off. concluded 10．用instruct的適當形式填空 (1)You will be ____________ where to go as soon as you get off the plane. (2)Do follow the ____________ carefully before you take medicine. instructed instructions 高頻短語

　　1．________________提出 2．________________

　　得出結論 3．________________

　　使顯露；暴露 4．________________

　　將……和……聯系或連接起來 5．________________

　　除……之外；此外 put forward draw a conclusion expose...to link...to... apart from 6．________________

　　講得通；有意義 7．________________

　　調查；研究 8．________________

　　導致 9．________________

　　有時 make sense look into lead to at times 10．________________

　　反對 11．________________

　　對……嚴格的 12．________________

　　應受責備 be against (be) strict with... be to blame 典型句式

　　1．neither...nor...連接兩個主語 __________(既不)its cause __________(也不)its cure was understood. Neither nor 2．every time用作從屬連詞引導從句 So many thousands of terrified people died ______________ (每次)there was an outbreak. every time 3．have sth.done結構 A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she ______________ (讓人運送水)to her house every day. had it delivered 4．prevent...from doing sth.防止/阻止……做某事； suggest(建議)＋賓語從句 _____________________________(為防止這種情況發生)again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplie ______________(被檢測)． To prevent this from happening be examined 5．“only＋狀語”位于句首構成部分倒裝 __________ you put the sun there __________(只有……才)the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. Only if did 6．with復合結構作狀語 He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system _________________________________(行星圍繞著它轉)and only the moon still going round the earth. with the planets going round it 過去分詞作定語和表語 1．(2024·江蘇南通一模)The county,__________ in the north of Shanxi，has a history of more than 1,400 years. A．locatedB．to be located C．being located

　　D．locating 單元語法 解析：選A。考查過去分詞作定語。此處應用過去分詞短語作定語，修飾The county，故選A。 2．(2024·哈爾濱檢測)It’s wonderful to hike with Dad and I have felt __________ with him. A．to protected

　　B．protected C．protecting

　　D．to be protected 解析：選B。考查非謂語動詞。根據語境可知，felt與protect之間是被動關系，排除選項A和C；和父親一起的徒步旅行已經結束，排除選項D。 3．(2024·北京東城期末)Lady Gaga has put off her concerts because of the difficulties __________ by the ongoing strikes. A．causing

　　B．to cause C．to be caused

　　D．caused 解析：選D。根據題意可知，cause和difficulties是動賓關系，因此用cause的過去分詞形式。過去分詞短語caused by the ongoing strikes在句中作定語，修飾difficulties。 4．(2024·北京西城期末)Mary，__________ for her healthy lifestyle，was pictured on the front cover of Life Style magazine. A．knowing

　　B．to know C．known

　　D．being known 解析：選C。be known for意為“因……而出名”，known for her healthy lifestyle為過去分詞作定語。句意：以健康生活方式而出名的瑪麗照片被刊登在Life Style這本雜志的封面上。 5．(2024·濟寧檢測)Boys and girls，please remain________and keep quiet until the electricity supply returns to normal. A．seated

　　B．seating C．to seat

　　D．seat 解析：選A。考查非謂語動詞。remain在此作系動詞，seated作表語,表示主語的狀態。 考點串講講練互動 單詞精研 1conclude　vt.& vi.斷定，推斷；使結束，終止；達成，締結 歸納拓展 (3)conclusion n. 結論；結束 draw/reach/arrive at/come to a conclusion 得出結論 come to the conclusion that... 所得結論是…… in conclusion 最后　 ①(牛津 P409)He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan. 他從他們的話語中推斷出他們不贊同此項計劃。 ②(牛津 P409)He concluded by wishing everyone a safe trip home.他講話結束時祝愿大家回家一路平安。 (1)conclude sth.以……結束

　　(2)conclude sth.(from sth.)that... 推斷出，斷定