知識詳解

　　① 1similar　adj.　相似的，類似的

　　(回歸課本P2)Are Senior High teachers

　　similar to Junior High teachers?

　　高中的老師和初中的老師一樣嗎？

　　【歸納總結(jié)】

　　①(高考安徽卷)American cities are similar to other cities around the world.

　　美國城市和世界上的其它城市相似。

　　②(朗文P1911)We have similar tastes in music .

　　我們對音樂的品味相近。

　　③She was late and I similarly was delayed.

　　她遲到了，我也晚了。

　　④Can you tell points of similarity between the two men?

　　你能說出這兩人的相似之處嗎？

　　【例句探源】

　　1．完成句子

　　(1)The weather of Beijing ________________(很相似) that of New York.

　　答案：is very similar to

　　(2)Can you think of a phrase ____________(相似) that one?

　　答案：similar to

　　【即境活用】

　　② amazing　 adj.　令人吃驚的；令人驚訝的

　　(回歸課本P2)The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classrooms are

　　amazing.

　　老師們非常熱情友好，教室里的設(shè)備讓人驚訝。

　　【歸納總結(jié)】

　　①The new car is running

　　at an

　　amazing speed.

　　這輛新車正以驚人的速度奔馳著。

　　②(朗文P59)We were amazed at his rapid recovery.

　　我們對他這么快就康復(fù)感到極為驚奇。

　　③(朗文P59)Visitors are

　　often amazed to discover how little the town has changed.

　　旅游者經(jīng)常會驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)這個小城幾乎沒有什么變化。

　　④He stood in amazement at the sight.

　　面對眼前的情景，他驚愕地站在那里。

　　【例句探源】

　　2．用amaze 的適當(dāng)形式填空

　　(1)What

　　__________ me is how long she managed to hide the secret from us.

　　答案：amazed

　　(2)It is an __________ discovery so that we are __________ at it.

　　答案：amazing；amazed

　　(3)To our __________， he changed so little after 20 years.

　　答案：amazement

　　【即境活用】

　　attitude 　n．　態(tài)度；看法；姿態(tài)

　　(回歸課本P2)I like her attitude very much...

　　我很喜歡她的態(tài)度……

　　③

　　【歸納總結(jié)】

　　an attitude to/ towards sth./sb.對……的態(tài)度、看法have (take) a good /bad/positive/negative attitude to /towards sb./sth.對某人/某事物持好的/壞的/肯定的/否定的態(tài)度What’s your attitude to /towards...？你對……有什么看法？

　　【注意】　attitude 后面的 to 是介詞。

　　①Do you know his attitude to / towards the question?

　　你知道他對這個問題的看法嗎？

　　②The villagers all

　　took a friendly attitude to / towards us.

　　村民們對我們都采取友好的態(tài)度。

　　③(高考山東卷)Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their children’s school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life.

　　坐在同一張餐桌上就餐，父母就能更多地了解孩子在學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)，日常活動情況以及對生活的態(tài)度。

　　【例句探源】

　　3．In order to change attitudes__________employing women, the government is bringing in new laws.

　　A．a(chǎn)bout　B．of

　　C．towards

　　D．on

　　解析：選 C 。attitude 在此意為“態(tài)度，看法”，其后常接towards或 to 。

　　【即境活用】

　　4.完成句子

　　He ________________ his schoolwork.

　　他對功課的態(tài)度不端正。

　　答案：has/takes a bad attitude to / towards

　　【歸納總結(jié)】

　　【例句探源】

　　①Father impressed on me the value of hard work.

　　父親向我強(qiáng)調(diào)努力工作的重要意義。

　　②The old woman’s words were deeply impressed on/ upon my memory.

　　那位老大娘的話我銘記在心。

　　③The tourist attraction made/ left a good impression on us.

　　這個旅游勝地給我們留下了很好的印象。

　　④(高考北京卷)For some reason，she

　　was impressed with my work and me .

　　由于某種原因，她對我及我的工作印象深刻。

　　5．The boy with glasses __________the judge with his attitude and sense of humor.

　　A．impressed　 B．caused

　　C．a(chǎn)ided

　　D．preferred

　　解析：選A。此題考查固定搭配。句意：戴眼鏡的那個男孩的態(tài)度和幽默感給裁判留下了很深的印象。impress 意為“使……印象深刻”；impress sb.with sth.為固定搭配，意為“給某人留下印象”。

　　【即境活用】

　　6.完成句子

　　The new teacher ______________________ the students.

　　新教師給學(xué)生們留下了好印象。

　　答案：made/left /had a good impression on

　　⑤ cover 　v．　包含；走完(一段路程)；覆蓋；掩蓋；報(bào)道；夠支付

　　(回歸課本P9)Secondary school in the US usually

　　covers seven years，grades six to twelve.

　　美國中學(xué)教育通常包括六到十二年級在內(nèi)的七個年級。

　　【歸納總結(jié)】

　　cover...with...用……覆蓋……

　　be covered with...覆蓋著……(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))

　　be covered by...被……覆蓋(強(qiáng)調(diào)動作)

　　cover up 掩蓋；掩飾

　　①This book is said to be a special one, which covers many events not found in other history books.

　　據(jù)說這本書很特別，里面涉及到許多在其他歷史書籍中找不到的事情。

　　②A reporter was sent to cover the accident.

　　一名記者被派去報(bào)道那個事故。

　　【例句探源】

　　③Our town covers

　　an area of 10 square kilometres.

　　我們鎮(zhèn)占地10平方公里。

　　④Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees.

　　你的父母得支付你的學(xué)費(fèi)。

　　⑤(牛津 P460)The wind blew in from the desert and

　　covered everything with sand.

　　風(fēng)從沙漠那邊吹來，把一切都蒙上了一層沙子。

　　7.寫出下列句子中cover 的意思

　　(1)She covered her face with her hands.

　　答案：掩蓋

　　(2)By sunset we had covered thirty miles.

　　答案：走過

　　(3)Do the rules cover all possible cases?

　　答案：包含；涉及

　　(4)He was sent to cover the spread of the flu in the university.

　　答案：報(bào)道；采訪

　　【即境活用】

　　8．(高考山東卷)—Do you have enough to __________all your daily expenses?

　　—Oh，yes，enough and to spare.

　　A．cover　

　　B．spend

　　C．fill

　　D．offer

　　解析：選A。cover 在此處意為“支付，夠……之用”，問句句意：“你有足夠的錢來支付日常開銷嗎？”

　　⑥ nothing like　完全不像，決不，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒有

　　(回歸課本P3)We’re using a new textbook and Ms. Shen’s

　　method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High school.

　　我們使用的是新課本，沈老師的教學(xué)方法一點(diǎn)也不像我在初中時的老師們的教學(xué)方法。

　　【歸納總結(jié)】

　　something like大約；有點(diǎn)(像)

　　anything like (多用于疑問句)多少有點(diǎn)像

　　more like有可能像

　　①The course was nothing like what I’d expected.

　　這門課程一點(diǎn)也不像我期望的那樣。

　　②It will cost something like ￡10.大約要花10英鎊。

　　③Was the film anything like the original book?

　　這部電影拍得是否和原著相符？

　　【例句探源】

　　9.The way children learn about the world is ________that of adults—the former by eyes while the latter by sense.

　　A．a(chǎn)nything like B．feel like

　　C．nothing like

　　D．something like

　　解析：選C。句意：孩子們了解世界的方式與成年人的完全不同——前者憑視覺，而后者憑感覺。 anything like 常用在疑問句中，意為“多少有點(diǎn)像”；feel like “摸起來像，想要”；nothing like“與……完全不同”；something like “大約，有幾分像”。

　　【即境活用】

　　10．(高考江西卷)Swimming is my favorite sport.There is ________like swimming as a means of keeping fit.

　　A．something

　　B．a(chǎn)nything

　　C．nothing

　　D．everything

　　解析：選C。考查不定代詞。句意：游泳是我最愛的運(yùn)動。再沒有比游泳更好的鍛煉方式了。There is nothing like...意為“沒有什么能像……”。

　　⑦ in other words　換句話， 換言之

　　(回歸課本P3) In other words，there are three times as many girls as boys.

　　換句話說，女生(人數(shù))是男生的三倍。

　　【歸納總結(jié)】

　　in a/one word簡言之，總之

　　keep one’s word/promise遵守諾言

　　break one’s word/promise食言；違背諾言have a word with sb.與某人交談have words with sb.與某人吵架word for word逐字地in words用語言word came that...有消息傳來……(word意為“消息”時，為不可數(shù)名詞)leave word留言

　　①The boss asked him to leave—in other words，he was fired.

　　老板請他走人，也就是說，他被解雇了。

　　②In a word，what you did is far from satisfactory.

　　總之，你所做的事并不令人滿意。

　　③I couldn’t express my anger in words.

　　我無法用語言來表達(dá)我的憤怒。

　　④Word came that the Houston Rockets won the game again.

　　消息傳來，休斯敦火箭隊(duì)又贏得了比賽。

　　【例句探源】

　　11.It is never easy to ask him to help others.__________， he is very selfish.

　　A．In the end

　　B．In all

　　C．In the way

　　D．In other words

　　解析：選D。句意：要他幫助別人絕非易事，換言之，他非常自私。in the end “最后，最終”；in all “總計(jì)，總共”；in the way “擋道”，均不符合題干要求。in other words“換句話說，也就是說”，符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)。

　　【即境活用】

　　12．(高考上海卷完形填空)The answer is adding，deleting，replacing，reordering，—________，revising.

　　A．in particular

　　B．a(chǎn)s a result

　　C．for example

　　D．in other words

　　解析：選D。美國百老匯的許多彩排或預(yù)演的目的都是要對劇本進(jìn)行增加、刪減、替換、重新排序等各種工序，這些都能籠統(tǒng)地被稱為“修訂”，因此這里用in other words 表示“換句話說”。

　　⑧ look forward to 　期待；盼望

　　(回歸課本P3)I’m looking forward to doing it!

　　我正期盼著做家庭作業(yè)呢！

　　【歸納總結(jié)】

　　look forward to doing ...　盼望做……，此處 to 為介詞。常用的類似“動詞＋介詞to”的短語還有：pay attention to...注意……turn to 求助于be/get used to習(xí)慣于refer to 參考；涉及get down to著手/開始認(rèn)真干stick to 堅(jiān)持devote ...to...獻(xiàn)身于……lead to 導(dǎo)致；通向object to 反對

　　①We are looking forward to receiving your emails.

　　我們盼望收到你的電子郵件。

　　②I look forward to your visit next week.

　　我期待著你下周來訪。

　　③Isn’t it time that you got down to doing your homework?

　　還沒到你做作業(yè)的時間嗎？

　　④He has been devoting his whole life to benefiting mankind.

　　他把自己的一生貢獻(xiàn)給了造福人類的事業(yè)。

　　⑤All roads lead to Rome.條條道路通羅馬。

　　【例句探源】

　　13．Much to their joy，the day they looked forward to ________at last.

　　A．comingB．had come

　　C．came

　　D．to come

　　解析：選C。注意此處的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語是 the day，而they looked forward to 是省略引導(dǎo)詞 that 的定語從句，所以此處缺少謂語動詞。

　　【即境活用】

　　14.He looked forward to ________who was making a loud noise in the crowd.

　　A．see　B．seeing

　　C．seen

　　D．have seen

　　解析：選A。在此題干中，look forward 意為“向前看”，后面動詞不定式表目的。這道題很容易迷惑人，受思維定勢的影響，很容易選B。因此做題時應(yīng)注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意。

　　句型梳理

　　① 【教材原句】　 In other words, there are

　　three times as many girls as boys.(P3)

　　換句話說，女生(人數(shù))是男生的三倍。

　　【句法分析】　這是一個表達(dá)倍數(shù)的句型。times 在句中的意思是“倍數(shù)”，一般只限于表示三倍或三倍以上的數(shù)，表示兩倍通常用 twice或 double。句式中表倍數(shù)的數(shù)字處也可為分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、half等其他程度狀語。

　　【歸納總結(jié)】

　　表示倍數(shù)的句型通常有下列幾個：

　　(1)A is three (four，etc.)times the size (height，length，width， etc.)of B.

　　(2)A is three (four， etc.)times as big (high， long， wide， etc.)as B.

　　(3)A is three (four， etc.)times bigger (higher，longer， wider， etc.)than B.

　　(4)The size (height， length，width，etc .)of A is three(four，etc.)times of B.

　　①This hospital is four times the size of that one.

　　＝This hospital is four times as big as that one.

　　＝The size of this hospital is four times of that one.

　　這所醫(yī)院是那所醫(yī)院的四倍大。

　　②Our total income of

　　was double that of .

　　我們的總收入是的兩倍。

　　③This room is half the size of that one.

　　這個房間是那個房間的一半大。

　　15.(高考遼寧卷)Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s，but it cost________his .

　　A．a(chǎn)s much twice as 　

　　B．twice as much as

　　C．much as twice as

　　D．a(chǎn)s twice much as

　　解析：選B。考查倍數(shù)，用“倍數(shù)＋as＋adj.＋as”結(jié)構(gòu)，故應(yīng)選B。

　　【即境活用】

　　16．漢譯英