B1U3

　　●重點句型

　　1．Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.從高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直夢想作一次偉大的自行車旅行。

　　2．It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到要沿湄公河從源頭到終點騎車旅行的是我的姐姐。

　　3．When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.當我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸困難而且天氣很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經歷。

　　4．Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下定決心，什么也不能使她改變。

　　5．A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.

　　有決心的人總是努力完成工作的，而不管它有多難。

　　1．Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 從高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直夢想作一次偉大的自行車旅行。

　　ever since “從那以后”，句子要與現在完成時或現在完成進行時連用，類似的時間狀語還有 so far, up till now, by now, recently, lately, since last month, in/for the past＋ 一段時間，since...ago等。

　　①He came to England three years ago and has lived here ever since.

　　他三年前來到英國，從那以后便一直住在這里。

　　②I haven't seen her since ten years ago.

　　自十年前至今，我沒見過她。

　　③We have completed half of the work so far.

　　到目前為止，我們完成了一半的工作。

　　④He hasn't written to me recently.

　　他最近沒給我寫信。

　　⑤The couple have been working very hard for/in the past (last) ten years.在最近的十年里這對夫婦一直努力工作。

　　拓展：It is/was/has been＋時間段＋since...自從……已經多久了。

　　It will be/was＋時間段＋before...再有多長時間才……

　　在 “It is/was＋時間段＋since...”句型中，若 since從句中的動詞為延續性動詞，句子意思要發生變化。

　　It is three years since he joined the army. 他參軍3年了。

　　It is three years since he smoked.他戒煙3年了(不吸煙)。

　　[即境活用1]　(2009·天津南開中學)How long do you suppose it is ______ he arrived there?

　　A．whenB．before

　　C．after

　　D．since

　　解析：考查 “It is＋一段時間＋since...”，表示“自從……到現在多長時間”。

　　答案：D

　　2．When I told her the air would be hard to

　　breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.當我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸困難而且天氣很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經歷。

　　be＋adj.＋to do在“主語＋系動詞＋形容詞＋不定式”結構中，不定式與主語在意義上是動賓關系，但要用主動形式表被動意義；如果不定式的動詞是不及物的，要在不定式后邊加介詞。用于這種句式中的形容詞常為：easy, difficult, heavy, hard, nice, bitter, dangerous, interesting, important, comfortable, pleasant, impossible 等。

　　①The question is easy to answer.這問題容易回答。

　　②That book is difficult to understand.那本書難懂。

　　③The water in that river is not fit to drink.

　　那條河中的水不宜飲用。

　　④Harry Potter is pleasant to read.

　　《哈利·波特》讀起來讓人感到愉快。

　　⑤He is easy to get along with.他很容易相處。

　　拓展：此句式還可以拓展為 “find/feel/think/believe＋賓語＋adj.＋to do”。例如：

　　I find English tongue twisters pleasant to learn.

　　我覺得英語繞口令學起來很有意思。

　　[即境活用2]　(1)(2008·全國Ⅰ)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______.

　　A．to be breathed

　　B．to breathe

　　C．breathing

　　D．being breathed

　　解析：考查 be＋adj.＋to do結構。

　　答案：B

　　(2)They found the lecture hard ______； they all felt sleepy.

　　A．to be understood

　　B．for understanding

　　C．to understand

　　D．to have been understood

　　解析：考查 “find＋賓語＋adj.＋to do”結構。

　　答案：C

　　3．Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.

　　她一旦下了決心，什么也不能使她改變。

　　“once＋狀語從句”意為“一旦……就……”。

　　在 once引導的狀語從句中常用一般現在時代替將來時。

　　①Once you remember it, you'll never forget it.

　　一旦你記住它，你就永遠不會忘記它。

　　②Once you have promised, you must do it.

　　一旦你許下諾言，你就必須履行。

　　拓展：once 用做副詞，可表示：

　　(1)(for) one time 一次

　　I have only been here once. 我只來過這兒一次。

　　(2)at some time in the past 一度，曾經

　　He once lived in Zambia. 他曾經(一度)住在贊比亞。

　　(3)all at once＝suddenly 突然

　　All at once the door opened. 突然門開了。

　　[即境活用3]　(2007·福建)You will be successful in the interview ______ you have confidence.

　　A．before

　　B．once

　　C．until

　　D．though

　　解析：考查 once引導帶有時間意味的條件狀語從句，意為“一旦……就……”。

　　答案：B

　　4．A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.

　　一個意志堅定的人總是努力完成工作，不管它多么困難。

　　no matter ，作“不管”“無論”解，同 what/who/when/where/how 等疑問詞連用，引導讓步狀語從句。

　　①No matter what he says, I won't believe him.

　　不管他說什么，我都不會相信他。

　　②No matter when you come, you are welcome.

　　無論你什么時候來都受歡迎。

　　③No matter whose bag this is, it must be kept here for the present. 不管這是誰的包，暫時必須放在這里。

　　④No matter who knocks, don't open the door.

　　不管誰敲門，都不要開門。

　　提示：(1)no matter what/who/when/how/where 可以換成 whatever/whoever/whenever/however/wherever 引導讓步狀語從句。

　　(2)whatever, whichever，whoever, whomever 還可以引導名詞性從句。 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 任何違犯了法律的人都應受到懲罰。

　　(3)however 是副詞，修飾形容詞、副詞＋主＋謂； whatever 是代詞，修飾的是名詞。如：

　　①However difficult it is, you must work it out.

　　不管有多難，你都要解決這件事。

　　②Whatever difficulty there is, we must work together.

　　不管有什么樣的困難我們都要團結合作。

　　[即境活用4](1)(2008·上海)______ well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.

　　A．However

　　B．Whatever

　　C．No matter

　　D．Although

　　解析：考查 “however＋adj.＋主＋系動詞”引導讓步狀語從句。

　　答案：A

　　(2)(2008·全國Ⅰ)The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ______ the season.

　　A．whatever

　　B．wherever

　　C．whenever

　　D．however

　　解析：whatever 引導讓步狀語從句，意為“不管什么”。該句后半部分的完整形式應該是 whatever the season is。

　　答案：A

　　B1U4

　　●重點句型

　　1．In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 在農家院子里，雞和豬都煩躁不安，以致不吃食。

　　2．It seemed as if the world was at an end! 世界似乎到了末日！

　　3．All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破滅了。

　　1．It seemed as if the world was at an end!

　　世界似乎到了末日！

　　It seems (to sb.) that... (對某人來說)似乎……

　　＝Sb. seems to do/to be doing/to have done...

　　It seems as if/though... “似乎(好像)……”，可接虛擬語氣。

　　seem＋(to be)＋n./adj. 似乎是……

　　There seems to be... 好像有……

　　It seems so. (＝So it seems.) 似乎是那樣。

　　①It seemed that he had known the truth.＝He seemed to have known the truth. 他好像知道了真相。

　　②His father seems (to be) strict.

　　他父親似乎很嚴厲。

　　③There seemed to be a voice in the distance.

　　似乎遠處有人說話。

　　④It always seemed as though everything in my childhood had just happened.我童年的一切仿佛剛剛發生一樣。

　　辨析：seem/look/appear

　　(1)seem 暗含有一定的根據，往往是接近實際的判斷，后可接介詞、形容詞、不定式或從句。

　　(2)look 著重由視覺而得出的印象，可與 like連用，但不能與不定式連用。可接 as if從句，不接 that從句。

　　(3)appear 強調外表給人的印象，而且事實往往并非如此。可接 that從句，不接 as if從句。

　　[即境活用1]—What a noise! I can hardly stand it.

　　—It ______ as if they are having a party next door.

　　A．looksB．seems

　　C．appears

　　D．happens

　　解析：C、D項不接 as if從句。A項不合題意。考查 It seems as if...句式。

　　答案：B

　　2．In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 在農家院子里，雞和豬都煩躁不安，以致不吃食。

　　too...to... 句型表示“太……以至于不能……(表否定)”，可轉化為 not...enough to...和 so...that...。

　　The child is too young to dress himself.

　　The child is not old enough to dress himself.

　　The child is so young that he can't dress himself.

　　這孩子太小，不能夠自己穿衣。

　　提示：(1)當 too后接 easy, ready, happy, willing, eager 或 anxious時，to 后的動詞表示肯定。例如：

　　The book is too easy to understand.

　　這本書太容易理解了。

　　He was too anxious to leave.

　　他急于離開。

　　(2)too...not to... 句式表示肯定意思。例如：

　　He is too careful not to have noticed it.

　　他那么細心，不會不注意到這一點的。

　　(3)too...to...中 too前面用了否定詞(如 never)時，表示肯定。例如：

　　It is never too late to mend.

　　改過不嫌晚。

　　(4)only too...to...表示肯定，其中 too后的形容詞多數是表示某種心情的，如 glad, pleased, willing, thankful, delighted, determined 等，也有描繪性的形容詞，如 good, kind, true等。例如：

　　The girl is only too kind to help us.

　　這姑娘非常樂于幫助我們。

　　[即境活用2]　Jim is a kind boy. He is ______willing to help his classmates.

　　A．so

　　B．such

　　C．much

　　D．too

　　解析：too＋glad/pleased/willing...to...表示肯定意義。如用A項應改為 so...as to才對。

　　答案：D

　　3．All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。

　　此句為部分否定。all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, complete, completely, always, all the time, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether 等代詞、形容詞和副詞與否定詞 not連用，構成部分否定，表示“不都、并非都”的意思。

　　①All that glitters is not gold.

　　發光的并不一定都是金子。

　　②Both of the brothers don't like the film.

　　兄弟倆不都喜歡這部電影。

　　③Not everything went well with him.

　　他并非每件事情都順利。

　　④Not all of the rich are happy.

　　不是所有有錢人都幸福。

　　⑤The rich are not always happy.

　　有錢人并非總是幸福。

　　⑥You can't fool all the people all the time.

　　你未必總是能愚弄所有的人。

　　拓展：全部否定用：no one, none, neither, nobody, nothing，以及 not...any/either來表示。

　　①None of them are right. 他們都不對。

　　②Neither of us will go. 我們倆都不去。

　　③Nobody can win me. 沒人能贏我。

　　[即境活用3]　(1)—The exam wasn't difficult at all, was it?

　　—No, but I don't believe ______could pass it.

　　A．somebody

　　B．anybody

　　C．everybody

　　D．nobody

　　解析：not與 everybody 連用表示部分否定。

　　答案：C

　　(2)(2008·全國Ⅰ)—Which of the two computer games did you prefer?

　　—Actually I didn't like ______.

　　A．both of them

　　B．either of them

　　C．none of them

　　D．neither of them

　　解析：not... either＝neither 表示全部否定。

　　答案：B