2011高考英語一輪復習 Unit15《Learning》課件 北師大版必修5
名師一線講壇 解析:選D。句意:他不可能沒向他們道別就離去了,因為他一向很有禮貌。A項mustn’t have left沒有此結構。B項不合時態。C項shouldn’t have left不應該離開而離開了,不合句意。D項can’t have left不可能離開。can’t have done表示對過去的猜測。 名師一線講壇 I agree with you to a certain extent. 在某種程度上,我同意你的觀點。 To a certain extent,we are all responsible for this tragic situation. 我們都在一定程度上對這悲慘的局面負有責任。
名師一線講壇 13.完成句子
(1)我們丟掉合同在某種程度上是我的錯。 ________________________________it was my fault that we lost the contract. 答案:To a certain extent
名師一線講壇 (2)暴力事件多到了令居民不敢出門的程度。 Violence increased________________________that residents were afraid to leave their homes. 答案:to the extent 名師一線講壇 (3)對于這種信息缺乏的狀況,我們能在多大程度上指責政府呢? ________________________can we blame the government for this lack of information? 答案:To what extent 名師一線講壇 12. lay off (尤其指在生意蕭條期臨時性地)解雇(雇員);停止,中止;戒絕 lay sth.aside儲存某物待用 lay out展開;布置;花費 lay on提供,安排 lay the blame on...責怪/責備…… lay stress/emphasis on...強調…… 名師一線講壇 During the recession they laid us off for three months. 在營業衰退時期,他們停雇了我們三個月。(朗文P857) You’d better lay off(alcohol)for a while. 你最好戒絕(喝酒)一個時期。(朗文P857) Lay off hitting me! 住手,別打我了!(朗文P857)
名師一線講壇 思維拓展 (1)lay(laid;laid;laying)放置;產(卵) (2)lie(lay;lain;lying)躺;位于 (3)lie(lied;lied;lying)說謊 (4)lay既是“放置、產(卵)”的原形,又是“躺、位于”的過去式(還可作形容詞“外行的”)。lying既是“躺、位于”的現在分詞,又是“說謊”的現在分詞。
名師一線講壇 14.完成句子 (1)她設法每周從薪水中存上幾個英鎊。 She’d managed to________________a few pounds each week from her wages. 答案:lay aside 名師一線講壇 (2)雙方開始想方設法互相指責。
Both sides started trying to________________________________each other. 答案:lay the blame on 名師一線講壇 (3)哈里下崗6個月了。 Harry was________________for six months. 答案:laid off 名師一線講壇 (4)把地圖鋪在桌上,讓我們看一下。 ________________the map on the table and let’s have a look. 答案:Lay out 名師一線講壇 13. be accustomed to 習慣于 be accustomed(used)to(doing)sth.習慣于(表狀態) become/get accustomed(=used)to(doing)sth. 習慣于(表動作) accustom oneself/sb.to(doing)sth. 使自己/某人習慣于…… 名師一線講壇 Painting barns red is an accustomed practice. 倉房刷成紅色是一種習俗。 He has become accustomed to the way the teacher gives lectures. 他已經習慣了那個老師的講課方式。 You must accustom yourself to the new environment. 你必須使自己適應新環境。
名師一線講壇 15.The trains________the travelers who want to go to the other places. A.are accustomed to carrying B.get used to carry C.get accustomed to carry D.are used to carry
名師一線講壇 解析:選D。此句為一被動語態的句子,are/get accustomed/used to doing sth.習慣于做某事;are accustomed to do沒有這一用法;be used to do sth.被用來做某事。 名師一線講壇 14. approve of 贊成,贊許 approve sth.核準(批準)某事 approve of sb./sth.贊成某人(某事) approve of sb.’s doing sth.同意某人做某事 The minister approved the building plan. 部長批準了這項建筑計劃。 Do you approve of my idea? 你同意我的想法嗎? Mother doesn’t approve of her smoking. 母親不贊成她吸煙。 名師一線講壇 16.She ________to have lunch with her friend,saying that she wasn’t feeling well. A.declined
B.resigned C.tended
D.approved 解析:選A。decline婉拒。句意:她說自己身體不舒服就婉言謝絕了和朋友共進午餐。resign辭職;tend易于,傾向于;approve贊同,同意。
名師一線講壇 15.【教材原句】 Now I’m about to graduate from the School of Continuing Education at QingHua University... 現在,我就要從清華大學繼續教育學院畢業…… 【句法分析】 be about to do sth.意為:即將……;正要……。這個結構表示動作即將發生;在be about to do sth.后不能接表示具體時間的時間狀語(如:on Sunday;in 2009等),但可以接when引導的時間狀語從句。 句型探究 面對面 名師一線講壇 be about to do sth.when...意為“正要干……這時……”。 I was about to go out when the telephone rang. 我正要出門,這時電話鈴響了。 The meeting was about to be held when it began to rain. 會議正要開始,這時開始下雨了。
名師一線講壇 17.I was about to go to bed ________ I heard someone knocking at the door. A.while
B.as C.when
D.before 解析:選C。be about to do sth....when...正要干……這時……。句意:我正要上床睡覺,這時我聽見有人在敲門。 名師一線講壇 16.【教材原句】 Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion! 有時我真希望能給他打個電話問問他的意見! 【句法分析】 I wish I could...我真希望能……。
名師一線講壇 I wish it were autumn in Beijing all the year round. 但愿北京全年都是秋天。 He wished he had not lost the chance. 他真希望沒有失去機會。 I wish it would stop raining. 但愿雨能停住。
名師一線講壇 18.翻譯句子 (1)我希望我是一只小鳥。 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:I wish I were a little bird. 名師一線講壇 (2)他真希望他沒做那件事。 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:He wishes he hadn’t done that. 名師一線講壇 17.【教材原句】 ...I shouldn’t have been so difficult at school... ……我在上學時本不該這么叛逆…… 【句法分析】 shouldn’t have done意為“本不應該……(有時含有責怪之意)”。 Look,Tom’s crying.I shouldn’t have been angry at him. 看,湯姆在哭,我本不應該對他發火。
名師一線講壇 You should not have said such a thing to him. 你本不應該跟他講這樣的事。(事實上已經講了) You should not have left college so early. 你本不應該這樣早就中斷大學學業。
名師一線講壇 思維拓展 情態動詞的完成式可表示對過去的虛擬或猜測: (1)need have done表示必須做的事沒做;needn’t have done表示不必做的事而做了。 You needn’t have spent so much time on the problem. 你本不必在這個問題上花費這么長時間。 名師一線講壇 (2)ought to+have+過去分詞,表示“(過去)本應該做某事,而實際卻沒做”是對已發生的情況的“責備”“驚奇”或“推測”。 You ought to(should)have been more careful in this experiment. 你本應該在這個實驗上更仔細些。 (3)can/could+have+過去分詞,表示“(過去)本能夠做某事,而實際上卻沒做”;其否定形式表示“(過去)不可能做某事”。兩者都是對過去情況的一種推測。
名師一線講壇 (4)may/might+have+過去分詞,表示對過去發生的行為的推測,含有“也許”之意。might語氣較弱。 Philip may(might)have been hurt seriously in the car accident.菲利普也許在這場汽車事故中傷得很重。 (5)must+have+過去分詞,表示“(過去)必定發生了某事”,屬肯定性推測。 I didn’t hear the phone.I must have been asleep. 我沒有聽見電話響,我一定是睡著了。 名師一線講壇 19.I was really anxious about you.You________home without a word. A.mustn’t leave B.shouldn’t have left C.couldn’t have left
D.needn’t leave 解析:選B。句意:我真是很擔心你,你不應該沒打招呼就離開了家。
名師一線講壇 20.Sorry I’m late.I________have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. A.might
B.should C.can
D.will 解析:選A。句意:對不起,我遲到了。我有可能把鬧鈴關掉后又睡著了。這里表示對過去的推測,“might have done”句型正好表達此意。
名師一線講壇 21.He________without saying goodbye to them,for he always has good manners. A.mustn’t have left
B.may not leave C.shouldn’t have left
D.can’t have left
名師一線講壇 I regret that I will be unable to attend. 很遺憾,我不能參加。(朗文P1266) We regret to inform you that you owe the bank £100. 我們很遺憾地告訴你,你欠銀行一百英鎊。(朗文P1266)
名師一線講壇 6.—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. —Well,now I regret________ that. A.to do
B.to be doing C.to have done
D.having done 解析:選D。regret doing/having done something后悔做過某事。
名師一線講壇 6. access n. 接近,進入,通路;接近(或進入)的方法,到達(或進入,使用,走訪)的權利(或機會) vt. 存(數據);取(數據);存取;訪問;接近,使用 accessible adj. 可到達的,可進入的,可理解的
名師一線講壇 access to接近……的機會,進入……的權利 have/get/gain/obtain access to 得以接近,得以會見,得以進入 give access to接見,準許進入 be accessible to易接近的;能進入;易受影響;可以理解 名師一線講壇 He gained access to/into the building through the window. 他通過窗戶進入大樓。 I had no access to education when I was young. 我小時候沒有受教育的機會。 The old man is easy of access.那老人很容易接近。 An open-minded person is accessible to reasons. 虛心的人易于服理。 The village is not accessible by car. 那個村子汽車無法抵達。 名師一線講壇 7.完成句子 (1)The island is only________by boat. 答案:accessible
名師一線講壇 (2)Cats should always have ________ to fresh water. 答案:access
名師一線講壇 8.He succeeded in making a difficult subject accessible________the readers. A.with
B.to C.for
D.by 解析:選B。句意:他成功地把一個棘手的題目變得易于讀者理解。be accessible to... 在此表示“易于……理解”。
名師一線講壇 7. assume v. 假定,假設;承擔,取得(權力),就(職);呈現;認為;裝出;行使;擔任,承擔 assumption n. 假定;設想 assume sb./sth.to be...假設,假定某人/某事為…… on the assumption that假定 make assumptions about臆斷,假定 assuming(that)...=supposing/suppose(that)... 假定…… 名師一線講壇 If he’s not here in five minutes,we’ll assume(that)he isn’t coming. 要是他再過五分鐘還不來,我們就認為他是不來了。(朗文P73) You will assume your new responsibilities tomorrow. 你明天就任新職。(朗文P73)
名師一線講壇 We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up. 我們假定了每一個人都會應邀出席并正就此作出安排。 Assuming(that)you’re right about this,what shall we do? 假定在這件事情上你是對的,那我們該怎么辦?(朗文P73)
名師一線講壇 9.完成句子 (1)Let us________(假設)for a moment that the plan succeeds. 答案:assume 名師一線講壇 (2)We need to challenge some of the basic________(假設)of western philosophy. 答案:assumptions 名師一線講壇 8. adapt v. 使適應;改編,改造 adapt(oneself)to...使……適應 adapt...for...將……改編為…… adapt from...根據……改編 名師一線講壇 These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes. 這些式樣可以修改,以適應個人不同愛好。 Three of her novels have been adapted for television. 她的長篇小說中有三部已改編成電視節目。
名師一線講壇 比較網站 adapt,adjust (1)adapt指修改或改變,使某物或某人做些改變以適應新的條件。 (2)adjust指借正當的判斷或熟練的技巧進行“調整、調節”,以使兩者互相適應。 Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people. 這些工具多數已經過特別改裝,供殘疾人使用。(牛津P19) It took her a while to adjust to living alone. 她過了一段時間才適應單身生活。 名師一線講壇 10.翻譯句子 (1)她很快適應了這種新氣候。 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:She adapted(herself)quickly to the new climate. 名師一線講壇 (2)這本小說已被改編成劇本。 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:This play has been adapted from a novel. 名師一線講壇 9. ignore vt. 忽視,不管,不理會 ignore sb./sth.不理睬某人/不理會某事 be in ignorance(of/about sth.)(對某事物的)無知 be ignorant (of/about sth.)(對某事物)不了解/無知 be ignorant that...不知某事 She ignored him and carried on with her work. 她沒理他,繼續干她的活。
名師一線講壇 比較網站 ignore,overlook,neglect (1)ignore指有意從開始就不理睬。 (2)overlook指由于不注意或胸懷寬大而忽略其他人的過錯。
名師一線講壇 (3)neglect“忽略,疏忽”,指沒做到該做的事情或沒盡到應盡的責任。 The government would be unwise to ignore the growing dissatisfaction with its economic policies. 政府忽視對其經濟政策的日益增長的不滿是不明智的。(朗文P756) He seems to have overlooked one important fact. 他好像忽略了一個重要的事實。(牛津P1229)
名師一線講壇 The buildings have been neglected for years. 這些大樓多年來一直無人看管。(牛津P1156)
名師一線講壇 11.At that time I________events going on elsewhere,after all,because I was a little boy. A.was ignorant of
B.was in ignorance C.was ignorant in
D.was ignorance of 解析:選A。be ignorant of和be in ignorance of兩者的意思都為“無知,不知道”,根據句意和句子結構以及所給的選項來做出正確的選擇。 名師一線講壇 1.用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空 He likes ________(art)so much and he wants to become an________(art). 答案:art;artist 單詞巧記 名師一線講壇 歸納與比較:n.(或-al結尾的形容詞)+-ist n.(名詞)/adj.(形容詞) 后綴 (n./adj.+-ist)人 art(藝術) -ist artist(藝術家) science(科學)
scientist(科學家) social(社會的) socialist(社會學家) 名師一線講壇 2.用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空 There is an________ (end)to life,but learning is________(end). 答案:end;endless
名師一線講壇 歸納與比較:n./v.+-less
n./v.(名詞/動詞) 后綴 adj.(形容詞) care(關心) -less careless(粗心的)
home(家) homeless(無家可歸的) end(盡頭) endless(無止境的) 名師一線講壇 10. aside from 除……之外 Aside from that one little problem,the day was perfect. 除了那個小問題外,那天過得好極了。
短語掃描 線連線 名師一線講壇 思維拓展 except for除……之外(沒有) 名師一線講壇 except/but除……之外(沒有) except that+從句 除……之外 In addition to his job at the university,he’s now running his own research company. 除了他在大學的工作以外,他現在還經營自己的研究公司。 The house was just as I left it except that everything was covered with dust. 除了積滿灰塵外,這所房子與我離開時沒什么兩樣。
名師一線講壇 12.The city,________being an industrial centre,enjoys a high moral record. A.as to
B.due to C.in fact
D.aside from 解析:選D。as to關于;due to由于;in fact事實上;aside from意為“除……之外”,符合句意。句意:這座城市不僅是一個工業中心,道德風氣也一向很好。 名師一線講壇 11. to a certain extent 在某種程度上 to some extent在某種程度上 to a great/large extent在很大程度上 to such an extent/to the extent that 達到如此程度/達到……的程度 to what extent...在多大程度上…… Unit 15
Learning
學習 考綱知識預覽 重點單詞 1.
vt.簡化→
adj.簡單的,易懂的 2.
v.懷疑→
n.嫌疑犯,被懷疑的人 adj.可疑的→
adj.(對……)起疑心的;令人起疑的→
n.懷疑,疑心 3.
v.教導,指導→
n.教育,指導→
adj.有益的,有教育意義的 simplify simple
suspect suspect suspicious suspicion instruct instruction
instructive 考綱知識預覽
4.
n.作業;任務,工作→
vt.分配;指定,任命
5.
adj.可選擇的,另類的→
n.選擇,替代物
6.
n.懲罰,處罰→
vt.懲罰
7.
vt.反映;反射→
n.反射;反省;想法
8.
adj.少量的,微小的→
adv.稍微地,微小地
assignment assign alternative alternative punishment punish reflect reflection
slight
slightly 考綱知識預覽
9.
v.誤解→
n.誤解,誤會→