2024高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解析版匯編（8）

　　【2024·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ 】閱讀理解A

　　Some people will do just about anything to save money.And I am one of them.Take my family's last vacation.It was my six-year-old son's winter break form school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a week long trip.The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.I have a meeting in New York，So I had to get back.But that didn't mean my husband and my son couldn't stay.I took my nine-month-old and took off for home.

　　The next day my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight.Yes, I encouraged—okay, ordered them to wait it out at the airport, to “earn” more Delta Dollars.Our total take：$1，600.Not bad, huh?

　　Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar.And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.

　　I've made living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide.And I really do what I believe in.I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money's worth.I'm also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants.But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut.It keeps its longer, and it's the first thing people notice.And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture.Quality lasts.

　　【試題分析】　本文主要通過講述作者和家人乘坐飛機(jī)的故事，闡明了作者對(duì)于花錢購(gòu)物等的態(tài)度和認(rèn)識(shí)。在作者看來，我們?cè)诨ㄥX的時(shí)候要精打細(xì)算，理智消費(fèi)。

　　1. Why did Delta give the author's family credits?

　　A．They took a later flight.

　　B．They had early bookings.

　　C．Their flight had been delayed.

　　D．Their flight had been cancelled.

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的第五句可知，飛機(jī)票被超量預(yù)訂，所以航空公司給了他們一些賠償讓他們放棄自己的座位第二天再走，故選A項(xiàng)。

　　答案：A

　　2. What can we learn about the author?

　　A．She rarely misses a good deal.

　　B．She seldom makes a compromise.

　　C．She is very strict with her children.

　　D．She is interested in cheap products.

　　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句可知，幾乎沒有人能拒絕得了一個(gè)好的交易，而從作者之前的經(jīng)歷來看，她也深知錢的價(jià)值，故答案為A。

　　答案：A

　　3. What does the author do?

　　A．She's a teacher.

　　B．She's a housewife.

　　C．She's a media person.

　　D．She's a business woman.

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第一段第二句“I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.”可知，作者是NBC的一名記者，即從事媒體職業(yè)，故選C項(xiàng)。

　　答案：C

　　4. What does the author want to tell us?

　　A．How to expose bad tricks.

　　B．How to reserve airline seats.

　　C．How to spend money wisely.

　　D．How to make a business deal.

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，本文主要通過作者自己的親身經(jīng)歷，引出了作者對(duì)消費(fèi)的認(rèn)識(shí)，我們?cè)谙M(fèi)時(shí)應(yīng)該理智，要考慮所購(gòu)買的東西是否是值得的。

　　答案：C

　　【2024·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ 】閱讀理解B

　　The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert (警覺)．Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze(凝視) starts to lose its focus until a third, with three black spots, is presented.Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?

　　Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb, a key, an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two.The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two；likewise(同樣地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

　　【試題分析】　本文主要介紹了研究人員通過卡片或者擊鼓等途徑來檢驗(yàn)嬰兒對(duì)于數(shù)字變化的敏感程度。結(jié)果表明，當(dāng)嬰兒發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)字比較多的時(shí)候，就會(huì)更加關(guān)注或變得更加興奮。

　　1. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby's________．

　　A．sense of hearing.

　　B．sense of sight.

　　C．sense of touch.

　　D．sense of smell.

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“She stares at it carefully.”可知，嬰兒目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地盯著看，故研究人員的研究與嬰兒的視覺有關(guān)。

　　答案：B

　　2. Babies are sensitive to the change in________．

　　A．the size of cards.

　　B．the colour of pictures.

　　C．the shape of patterns.

　　D．the number of objects.

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第六句“As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze starts to lose its focus-until a third，with three black spots，is presented.”可知，隨著卡片上黑點(diǎn)的變化，嬰兒的視線也發(fā)生了變化，表明嬰兒對(duì)于數(shù)字的變化比較敏感。

　　答案：D

　　3. Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

　　A．To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

　　B．To see how babies recognize sounds.

　　C．To carry their experiment further.

　　D．To keep the babies' interest.

　　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two...”可知，研究人員又做了擊鼓的實(shí)驗(yàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)嬰兒的聽覺對(duì)數(shù)字變化也同樣敏感，其目的是更加深入地研究嬰兒對(duì)于數(shù)字的敏感程度，故選C項(xiàng)。

　　答案：C

　　4. Where does this text probably come from?

　　A．Science fiction.

　　B．Children's literature.

　　C．An advertisement.

　　D．A science report.

　　解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合多次提到的experiments和researchers等詞可推斷，研究人員做了一個(gè)檢驗(yàn)嬰兒對(duì)于數(shù)字變化的敏感度的實(shí)驗(yàn)，故可推斷本文為一篇科學(xué)報(bào)道。A項(xiàng)“科幻小說”、B項(xiàng)“兒童文學(xué)”和C項(xiàng)“廣告”均與本文內(nèi)容不符。

　　答案：D

　　【2024·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ 】閱讀理解C

　　It happened to me recently.I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama's Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President.A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was ，in his words, “a brilliantly(精彩地)written book”．However, he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.

　　And it seems that my friend is not the only one.Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven't.In the World Book Day's “Report on Guilty Secrets”， Dreams From My Father

　　is at number 9.The report lists ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading, and as I'm not one to lie too often (I'd hate to be caught out )，I'll admit here and now that I haven't read the entire top ten.But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of people, I have read the book at number one, George Orwell's 1984.I think it's really brilliant.

　　The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it.It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoevsky(I haven't read him, but haven't lied about it either )and Herman Melville.

　　Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to.This could be tricky if the conversation became more in-depth!

　　But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J．k.Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella (ah, the big sellers, in other words)．Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story(I'll come clean: I do this and I am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so)．

　　【試題分析】　世界讀書日的一個(gè)調(diào)查報(bào)告表明：有些人撒謊說他們讀過某本書，其實(shí)他們根本沒有讀。他們?nèi)鲋e的主要是給別人留下深刻的印象。

　　1. How did the author find his friend a book liar?

　　A．By judging his manner of speaking.

　　B．By looking into his background.

　　C．By mentioning a famous name.

　　D．By discussing the book itself.

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was，in his words，“a brilliant written book”．However，he then went on to talk about Mr.Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.然后他繼續(xù)以一種能暗示出他對(duì)奧巴馬背景一無所知的方式繼續(xù)談?wù)搳W巴馬，可知作者跟他的朋友談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)奧巴馬的那本書，發(fā)現(xiàn)朋友對(duì)奧巴馬的背景一無所知，這暗示出朋友其實(shí)并沒有讀過這本書，他對(duì)奧巴馬的背景一點(diǎn)都不知曉，故選D。

　　答案：D

　　2. Which of the following is a “guilty secret” according to the World Book Day report?

　　A．Charles Dickens is very low on the top-ten list.

　　B．42% of people pretended to have read 1984.

　　C．The author admitted having read 9 books.

　　D．Dreams From My Father is hardly read.

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題的關(guān)鍵詞是guilty secret，定位第二、三段。根據(jù)文章第三段可知，不像百分之四十二的人那樣，我很高興地說，我讀過排在第一位的George Orwell's 1984。由此可知，作者讀過這本書，而百分之四十二的人卻沒讀過。故選B。

　　答案：B

　　3. By lying about reading, a person hopes to______________.

　　A．control the conversation

　　B．a(chǎn)ppear knowledgeable

　　C．learn about the book

　　D．make more friends

　　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“當(dāng)被問及為什么撒謊的時(shí)候，最普遍的理由是想給正在說話的人留下深刻的印象”可知，人們之所以選擇撒謊是想讓對(duì)方覺得自己知識(shí)淵博，從而給對(duì)方留下一個(gè)好的印象，故B正確。

　　答案：B

　　4. What is the author's attitude to 58% of readers?

　　A．Favorable

　　B．Uncaring

　　C．Doubtful

　　D．Friendly

　　解析：態(tài)度推斷題。根據(jù)第五段話最后一句“我很驚訝58%的人說他們從來沒這么做過”，表明作者態(tài)度的詞是astomished。選項(xiàng)中與此詞意義接近的答案便是C項(xiàng)。

　　答案：C

　　【2024·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ 】閱讀理解D

　　The National Gallery

　　Description：

　　The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance Layout.

　　The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to 15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.

　　The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronest.

　　The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.

　　The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh

　　Opening Hours：

　　The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10am to 9pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.

　　Getting There：

　　Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk)．Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus(8-minute walk)．

　　【試題分析】　本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了英國(guó)國(guó)家美術(shù)館的展品以及這個(gè)展館的布置、開館的時(shí)間等情況。

　　1．In which century's collection can you see religious paintings?

　　A．The 13th

　　B．The 17th

　　C．The 18th

　　D．The 20th

　　解析： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to...可知人們可以在這里看到13世紀(jì)的宗教圖畫。B、C、D三項(xiàng)中的圖畫都沒有涉及religious這個(gè)詞。

　　答案：A

　　2. Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown?

　　A．In the East Wing.

　　B．In the main West Wing.

　　C．In the Sainsbury Wing.

　　D．In the North Wing.

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci...可知，達(dá)·芬奇的作品可以在the main West Wing中看到，因此選B。其他幾個(gè)地方都沒有展出達(dá)·芬奇的畫。

　　答案：B

　　3．Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?

　　A．Piccadilly Circus.

　　B．Leicester Square.

　　C．Embankment.

　　D．Charing Cross.

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross(2-minute walk)．..可知，Charing Cross離國(guó)家美術(shù)館只有步行2分鐘的路程，其他幾個(gè)地方離國(guó)家美術(shù)館的距離都比Charing Cross遠(yuǎn)。

　　答案：D