課時提升作業(yè)(二十二Ⅰ. 單項填空

　　1. (2024·吉林模擬)When I was twenty, I had to drop out before graduation and work in a clothes shop to help　my family.

　　A. supplyB. support

　　C. suppose

　　D. stop

　　2. The new camera is of high　and is not expensive, either, which makes it popular.

　　A. quantity B. level

　　C. quality

　　D. character

　　3. (2024·合肥模擬)Bob looked back only to find an old classmate whose namehim for the moment.

　　A. escaped

　　B. missed

　　C. forgot

　　D. passed

　　4. (2024·四平模擬)He didn’t make　clear when and where the meeting would be held.

　　A. this B. that

　　C. it

　　D. these

　　5. Restaurants in every corner of the city not only provide job opportunities but _______ lots of taxes as well.

　　A. bring in

　　B. bring about

　　C. result in

　　D. result from

　　6. (2024·泉州模擬)You can’t use the machine today because some parts　this week.

　　A. are replaced

　　B. are being replaced

　　C. have replaced

　　D. are replacing

　　7. (2024·長春模擬)Tell me　how it came about that you were 20 minutes late for class. You needn’t go into details.

　　A. in advance B. in brief

　　C. in total

　　D. in vain

　　8. (2024·重慶模擬)As a result of destroying the forests, a large　of desert _______ covered the land.

　　A. number; has

　　B. quantity; has

　　C. number; have

　　D. quantity; have

　　9. (2024·成都模擬)—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?

　　—The key　the problem is to meet the demand　by the customers.

　　A. to solving; making

　　B. to solving; made

　　C. to solve; making

　　D. to solve; made

　　10. Your brain uses information from both your nose and your tongue to　what something tastes like.

　　A. point out B. give out

　　C. figure out

　　D. pick out

　　11. (2024·黃石模擬)A poet can　ordinary words into a meaningful and effective piece of writing.

　　A. consume B. contrast

　　C. convert

　　D. convince

　　12. (2024·沈陽模擬)In　face of increasing energy limits, China needsmajor breakthrough in mining and exploration.

　　A. a; a

　　B. the; a

　　C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填

　　13. If they　, they would change the whole system of the local government.

　　A. come to power B. came to power

　　C. are in power

　　D. have been in power

　　14. (2024·蘭州模擬)Television has many advantages. It keeps us　about thenews and also provides entertainment in the house.

　　A. informed; latest

　　B. to know; later

　　C. learning; later

　　D. to think; latest

　　15. If you ring the doorbell when visiting our home, you　by our dog.

　　A. will be greeted B. will greet

　　C. were greeted

　　D. greeted

　　Ⅱ. 閱讀理解Linus Pauling, the only person who has won two undivided Nobel Prizes, was born in Portland, Oregon. He attended Washington High School but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive his diploma until 1962, long after he had received his Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from Oregon State College in 1922. He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it.

　　He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex substance. His interest in the “behavior” of molecules(分子)led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. He began with proteins and their main parts, the amino acids(氨基酸), which are called the “building blocks of life”. In 1950, he constructed the first satisfactory model of a protein molecule, a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell.

　　During World WarⅡ, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. However, the use of the atomic bomb near the end of the war turned Pauling in a new direction. Having long worked on the structure of molecules, he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures.

　　From then on, Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bombs and supported the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons. Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. (315W)

　　1. From the first Paragraph, we learn that Linus Pauling.

　　A. didn’t study hard while in Washington High School

　　B. is the only scientist who has won two Nobel Prizes

　　C. was once badly treated in Washington High School

　　D. chose to study chemical engineering to earn his living

　　2. Which of the following things did Pauling pay much attention to at first?

　　A. The “behavior” of molecules.

　　B. Physical chemistry.

　　C. Biological chemistry.

　　D. The human body.

　　3. Which of the following is legal according to The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty?

　　A. The use of nuclear weapons.

　　B. Testing hydrogen bombs on the ground.

　　C. Testing hydrogen bombs under the surface of the ground.

　　D. The production of the hydrogen bombs.

　　4. The main idea of the passage is to show.

　　A. Linus Pauling’s attitude towards nuclear weapons

　　B. Linus Pauling’s contributions to the world

　　C. Linus Pauling’s research on the structure of molecules

　　D. Linus Pauling’s getting the Nobel Prize for Peace

　　Ⅲ. 閱讀第二節(jié)

　　(2024·衡水模擬)

　　根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　While it is impossible to live completely free of stress, it is possible to prevent stress as well as reduce its effect when it can’t be avoided. 　1　

　　●　2　When you are nervous, angry or upset, try releasing the pressure through exercise or physical activities. Running, walking, playing tennis, and working in your garden are just some of the activities you might try.

　　●Take care of yourself.

　　　3　If you easily get angry and can’t sleep well enough, or if you’re not eating properly, it will be more likely that you will fall into stressful situations. If stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you should consult a doctor.

　　●Make time for yourself.

　　Schedule time for both work and entertainment. Don’t forget, play can be just as important to your overall well-being as work. 　4　Go window-shopping or work on a hobby. Allow yourself at least a half hour each day to do something you enjoy.

　　●　5?

　　Stress can result from disorganization and a feeling that “there’s so much to do, and not enough time”. Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and as a result, you may not achieve anything. Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at a time, checking off each task as it is completed. Set out to do the most important task first.

　　A. Do whatever you like and want to do.

　　B. You should make every effort to eat well and get enough rest.

　　C. Make a list of things to do.

　　D. Try physical activities.

　　E. You need a break from your daily routine to just relax and have fun.

　　F. You could smile to yourself in front of a mirror every day.

　　G. The following are suggestions for ways to deal with stress.

　　【語法隨練】

　　將下列閱讀理解中的句子翻譯成漢語

　　Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.

　　【譯】_______________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________

　　答案解析

　　Ⅰ.1.【解析】選B。考查動詞辨析。句意: 20歲的時候, 我不得不在畢業(yè)前退學(xué)到一家服裝店工作來幫助家里維持生計。support養(yǎng)活, 支持, 扶持; supply供應(yīng); suppose假定; stop停止。

　　2.【解析】選C。句意: 新的照相機質(zhì)量高, 也不貴, 這使它很受歡迎。quality質(zhì)量; quantity數(shù)量; level水平; character特征, 性格。

　　3.【解析】選A。考查動詞辨析。句意: 鮑勃回頭一看, 結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)了一位老同學(xué), 其名字他一下子想不起來了。escape作為及物動詞有“被忘掉, 沒被注意到”的意思, 其后可以直接跟賓語且無需用被動語態(tài)。miss錯過; forget忘記; pass通過。

　　【變式備選】

　　(2024·贛州模擬)A woman was seriously injured and a neighboring family narrowly escaped　by an explosion that destroyed a row of homes.

　　A. blowing up B. to be blown up

　　C. being blown up

　　D. blown up

　　【解析】選C。考查非謂語動詞。句意: 一位婦女在毀壞一排房子的爆炸中嚴(yán)重受傷, 她的鄰居一家差點被炸死。escape后跟v. -ing形式而不跟動詞不定式作賓語, 又a neighboring family與blow up之間是被動關(guān)系, 故用v. -ing形式的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　4.【解析】選C。考查代詞。句意: 他沒有說清楚會議何時何地召開。it作形式賓語, when and where the meeting would be held是真正的賓語。當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是賓語從句時, 往往把賓語放在它的補足語的后面, 而把代詞it放在謂語動詞和賓語補足語的中間。

　　5.【解析】選A。考查動詞短語辨析。句意: 在這個城市中, 各個角落的飯店不僅提供工作機會而且?guī)碓S多稅收。bring in帶來; bring about導(dǎo)致; result in導(dǎo)致; result from由……造成。

　　6.【解析】選B。考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意: 你今天不能使用這臺機器, 因為本周有幾個零件正在被拆換。根據(jù)句意“機器零件正在被拆換”, 要用進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。

　　7.【解析】選B。考查介詞短語辨析。句意: 簡短地告訴我你上課遲到20分鐘是怎么回事呢。你不必詳述。in brief簡言之; in advance提前; in total總共; in vain徒然。

　　8.【解析】選B。句意: 由于毀壞森林, 大量沙漠覆蓋了陸地。a large number of修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù); a large quantity of既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù), 也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞, “a large quantity of+名詞”作主語時, 謂語動詞取決于名詞。

　　9.【解析】選B。考查非謂語動詞。句意: ——你怎么處理公司和消費者之間的分歧? ——解決問題的關(guān)鍵在于滿足消費者提出的要求。the key to意為“……的關(guān)鍵”, 其后要接動名詞; make與demand之間為動賓關(guān)系, 故用過去分詞。

　　【知識拓展】

　　名詞+介詞to構(gòu)成的短語還有

　　an access to 　接近; 有權(quán)使用; 通向……的入口

　　the answer to 　……的答案

　　the entrance to 　……的入口

　　an approach to 　……的方法/途徑

　　an attitude to 　對……的態(tài)度

　　a solution to 　……的解決方案

　　the key to 　……的關(guān)鍵

　　10.【解析】選C。考查動詞短語。句意: 你的大腦既使用來自鼻子也使用來自舌頭的信息來斷定某物嘗起來怎樣。figure out斷定; point out指出; give out用盡; pick out挑出。

　　11.【解析】選C。考查動詞辨析。句意: 詩人能把普通的詞語轉(zhuǎn)化為一篇有意義且有影響力的作品。convert轉(zhuǎn)化; consume消耗; contrast使對比; convince說服。

　　12.【解析】選B。考查冠詞。句意: 面對日益增加的能源限制, 中國在采礦和勘探方面需要有重大突破。in the face of面臨, 面對, 為固定短語; breakthrough為可數(shù)名詞, 需要用不定冠詞修飾。

　　13.【解析】選B。句意: 如果他們上臺執(zhí)政, 他們就會改變當(dāng)?shù)卣恼麄€體系。由主句they would change the whole system of the local government可知, 此處是表示與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣, 故if從句應(yīng)使用一般過去時。

　　14.【解析】選A。考查非謂語動詞及形容詞辨析。句意: 電視有很多優(yōu)勢。它使我們在家里就能了解最新的資訊也能提供娛樂。inform sb. about sth. 通知某人某事, 因此us與inform之間為被動關(guān)系, 故用過去分詞作賓語補足語; latest最新的, 最近的。

　　15.【解析】選A。考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意: 你來我家如果按響門鈴, 我家的狗會迎接你的。在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中, 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來, 主句用一般將來時。來拜訪應(yīng)該是被迎接, 因此用被動語態(tài)。

　　Ⅱ.

　　本文主要介紹了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其對世界所做出的杰出貢獻。他是唯一一位兩度獨立獲諾貝爾獎的科學(xué)家。

　　1.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段最后一句“He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it. ”可以得出正確答案為D選項。

　　2.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。從第二段第二句“His interest in the ‘behavior’ of molecules led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. ”我們可以看出, Pauling的興趣發(fā)生了變化, 從physical chemistry轉(zhuǎn)到了biological chemistry上, 所以正確答案為B選項。

　　3.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. ”可以得出正確答案為C選項。

　　4.【解析】選B。主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其對世界的貢獻, 所以選擇B選項。

　　Ⅲ. 1.【解析】選G。本文是總分結(jié)構(gòu), 后文是各種減壓方法, 所以選G。

　　2.【解析】選D。本段的Running, walking, playing tennis. . . 都是體育鍛煉。

　　3.【解析】選B。本段的中心話題是照顧好自己, 所以吃好睡好是照顧好自己的表現(xiàn)。

　　4.【解析】選E。本段圍繞的話題是留給自己一些時間, 所以休息是最符合這一主題的。

　　5.【解析】選C。這里的there’s so much to do, and not enough time及make a list of everything you have to do是提示。

　　【語法隨練】

　　在他的努力下, 《禁止核試驗協(xié)定》于1963年10月10日生效, 該協(xié)定宣布: 所有核試驗都要在地下進行, 否則就是非法的。就在同一天Linus Pauling獲得諾貝爾和平獎。