Section 14　完形填空

　　夾敘夾議文

　　【命題探究】

　　此類文章往往是高考中較難的題目，也是最易造成失分的一種文章體裁。從近兩年的高考完形填空來看，很多的完形填空往往在平

　　1．先敘述作者自己的某一個(gè)生活經(jīng)歷或見聞，然后針對(duì)這一事件發(fā)表自己對(duì)生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。

　　2．作者先提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法，然后圍繞這一觀點(diǎn)或看法用具體的事例加以說明，有時(shí)也可能是用幾個(gè)事例從不同的側(cè)面來說明。

　　3．提出一種觀點(diǎn)或見解，然后用某一事例來闡述這一觀點(diǎn)，最后再進(jìn)一步地總結(jié)和升華。

　　1．對(duì)于夾敘夾議類的完形填空，抓住作者要說明的觀點(diǎn)或要闡述的生活哲理是做好這一類型題目的關(guān)鍵，而作者敘述所發(fā)生的事件或生活經(jīng)歷只是為表達(dá)其思想服務(wù)的。

　　2．理清文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，弄清文章是先敘述后揭示哲理或議論，還是先揭示哲理或觀點(diǎn)或議論，而后再敘述。

　　That holiday morning I didn’t have to attend school.Usually，on holidays，Mother__36__me to sleep in.And I would certainly take full advantage of it.On this particular morning，__37__，I felt like getting up early.

　　I stood by my window overlooking the__38__，having nothing better to do.But as it turned out，I was soon to learn about something__39__in life.

　　As I watched several people go by，get into their cars and drive off，I__40__an old man on a bicycle with a bucket on its__41__and a basket of rags and bottles on its back－carriage.He__42__ from one car to another，washing and cleaning them.From the water on the ground，it seemed that he had already__43__washing and cleaning about a dozen or more cars.He must have begun to work quite early in the morning.

　　Several thoughts__44__my mind as I watched him work.He wasn’t well－dressed.He had on a pair of shorts and a(n)__45__T－shirt.The bicycle he rode was not by any means the kind modern__46__ would want to be seen riding on.But he seemed__47__with life.There he was，working hard at his small business，__48__at passers－by and stopping to chat now and then__49__elderly men and women on their way to the market nearby.

　　There was a noticeable touch of__50__in the way he seemed to be doing things－__51__the windscreen(擋風(fēng)玻璃)，then standing back to admire it; scrubbing(擦凈) the wheels and__52__，standing back to see what they looked like after the scrub.

　　It was a__53__to learn，I felt.At no age need one have to beg for a__54__if one has good health and is willing to work hard.For a while I felt__55__of myself.Young as I am—just sixteen，and there was this old man who must have been usefully engaged perhaps before the sun appeared above the horizon.

　　36．A.forces

　　B．a(chǎn)llows

　　C．causes

　　D．forbids

　　37．A.otherwise

　　B．therefore

　　C．however

　　D．besides

　　38．A.parking lot

　　B．bus stop

　　C．school

　　D．market

　　39．A.interesting

　　B．surprising

　　C．a(chǎn)wful

　　D．useful

　　40．A.noticed

　　B．recognized

　　C．called

　　D．a(chǎn)ssisted

　　41．A.back

　　B．handle

　　C．wheel

　　D．seat

　　42．A.searched

　　B．left

　　C．moved

　　D．wandered

　　43．A.stopped

　　B．started

　　C．intended

　　D．finished

　　44．A.crossed

　　B．slipped

　　C．disturbed

　　D．inspired

　　45．A.attractive

　　B．shiny

　　C．simple

　　D．expensive

　　46．A.repairmen

　　B．businessmen

　　C．drivers

　　D．cyclists

　　47．A.busy

　　B．content

　　C．careful

　　D．bored

　　48．A.waving

　　B．looking

　　C．laughing

　　D．pointing

　　49．A.about

　　B．for

　　C．with

　　D．like

　　50．A.worry

　　B．respect

　　C．sympathy

　　D．pride

　　51．A.cleaning

　　B．fixing

　　C．replacing

　　D．covering

　　52．A.still

　　B．yet

　　C．a(chǎn)gain

　　D．soon

　　53．A.lesson

　　B．subject

　　C．skill

　　D．fact

　　54．A.business

　　B．living

　　C．success

　　D．right

　　55．A.tired

　　B．doubtful

　　C．fearful

　　D．a(chǎn)shamed

　　答案　36.B　37.C　38.A　39.D　40.A　41.B　42.C　43.D　44.A　45.C　46.D　47.B　48.A　49.C　50.D51．A　52.C　53.A　54.B　55.D

　　【方法指導(dǎo)】

　　本文是先敘述后發(fā)表議論的夾敘夾議的體裁。

　　作者看到一位穿著樸素的老人在停車場(chǎng)起勁地擦車，于是心有感觸，發(fā)表議論，年輕的自己應(yīng)

　　1．體會(huì)作者的情感態(tài)度，先推敲后選擇

　　如第39題作者獲得人生有意義的教育，故選擇D項(xiàng)useful“有用的”，第42題作者描述老人擦車的認(rèn)真態(tài)度，從一輛車到另一輛車，故選擇C項(xiàng)moved。另外還有第44、45、46、47、48、50、55都充分體現(xiàn)了作者的情感態(tài)度。

　　2．利用上下文的邏輯關(guān)系解題

　　高考完形填空最常考的四種邏輯關(guān)系是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、因果，被稱為邏輯“四大天王”，幾乎每年必考。完形填空需從特定的“情景”意義來選擇一個(gè)最佳答案

　　如本篇完形填空第37題，“這個(gè)早晨和往常不一樣了，作者沒睡懶覺，”所以用however表示轉(zhuǎn)折。

　　3．利用語境共現(xiàn)關(guān)系解題

　　完形填空的文章是一個(gè)意義相關(guān)聯(lián)的語篇，圍繞一個(gè)話題展開，所以在行文中出現(xiàn)語境共現(xiàn)是不可避免的。

　　如本篇完形填空第38、41、42、46、51題描述老人在停車場(chǎng)的行為。

　　Cloze 1

　　(2024·全國(guó))

　　A Heroic Driver

　　Larry works with Transport Drivers.Inc.One morning in 2009，Larry was __1__along 165 north after delivering to one of his__2__．Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on.__3__he got closer, he found __4__vehicle upside down on the road.One more look and he noticed__5__shooting out from under the__6__vehicle.Larry pulled over, set the brake and__7__the fire extinguisher (滅火器)．Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.

　　The man who had his bright lights on__8__and told Larry he had__9__an emergency call.They__10__heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毀壞的) vehicle.__11__the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.They told her to stay__12__until the emergency personnel arrived，__13she thought the car was going to__14__．Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move__15__she injured her neck.

　　Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man__16__and let them go to work.Then, Larry asked the__17__if he was needed or __18__to go.They let him and the other man go.

　　One thing is__19__—Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His__20__most likely saved the woman’s life.

　　1．A.walking

　　B．touring

　　C．traveling

　　D．rushing

　　2．A.passengers

　　B．colleagues

　　C．employers

　　D．customers

　　3．A.Since

　　B．Although

　　C．As

　　D．If

　　4．A.each

　　B．a(chǎn)nother

　　C．that

　　D．his

　　5．A.flames

　　B．smoke

　　C．water

　　D．steam

　　6．A.used

　　B．disabled

　　C．removed

　　D．a(chǎn)bandoned

　　7．A.got hold of

　　B．prepared

　　C．took charge of

　　D．controlled

　　8．A.came down

　　B．came through

　　C．came in

　　D．came over

　　9．A.returned

　　B．received

　　C．made

　　D．confirmed

　　10．A.then

　　B．a(chǎn)gain

　　C．finally

　　D．even

　　11．A.Starting

　　B．Parking

　　C．Passing

　　D．Approaching

　　12．A.quiet

　　B．still

　　C．a(chǎn)way

　　D．calm

　　13．A.for

　　B．so

　　C．a(chǎn)nd

　　D．but

　　14．A.explode

　　B．slip away

　　C．fall apart

　　D．crash

　　15．A.as if

　　B．unless

　　C．in case

　　D．a(chǎn)fter

　　16．A.stepped forward

　　B．backed off

　　C．moved on

　　D．set out

　　17．A.woman

　　B．police

　　C．man

　　D．driver

　　18．A.forbidden

　　B．ready

　　C．a(chǎn)sked

　　D．free

　　19．A.for certain

　　B．for consideration

　　C．reported

　　D．checked

　　20．A.patience

　　B．skills

　　C．efforts

　　D．promise

　　Cloze 2

　　(2024·全國(guó))Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(裝置)on your desk.And they’ve never actually__1__you.Everything they know about you__2__through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away.__3__they feel they can know you__4__from the sound of your voice.That’s how powerful the__5__is.

　　Powerful, yes, but not always__6__．For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone.Rani, my faceless agent whom I’d never met__7__， got me rock－bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels.But her cold voice really__8__me.I sometimes wished to__9__another agent.

　　One morning, I had to__10__an immediate flight home for a family emergency.I ran into Rani’s office__11__．The woman sitting at the desk，__12__my madness, sympathetically jumped up.She gave me a__13__smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the__14__immediately.“What a wonderful lady！” I thought.

　　Rushing out __15__ I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, what’s your name？” “I’m Rani，” she said.I turned around and saw a__16__woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.I was__17__！Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so__18__．

　　Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out.Rani’s __19__—her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’__20__—were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.

　　1．A.accepted

　　B．noticed

　　C．heard

　　D．met

　　2．A.came

　　B．moved

　　C．ran

　　D．developed

　　3．A.Thus

　　B．Yet

　　C．Then

　　D．Indeed

　　4．A.rather

　　B．a(chǎn)lso

　　C．just

　　D．a(chǎn)lready

　　5．A.telephone

　　B．voice

　　C．connection

　　D．impression

　　6．A.direct

　　B．useful

　　C．easy

　　D．a(chǎn)ccurate

　　7．A.in person

　　B．by myself

　　C．in public

　　D．on purpose

　　8．A.annoyed

　　B．interested

　　C．discouraged

　　D．confused

　　9．A.promote

　　B．train

　　C．find

　　D．know

　　10．A.arrange

　　B．postpone

　　C．confirm

　　D．book

　　11．A.for the first time

　　B．a(chǎn)t any time

　　C．from time to time

　　D．in good time

　　12．A.expecting

　　B．seeing

　　C．testing

　　D．a(chǎn)voiding

　　13．A.shy

　　B．comforting

　　C．familiar

　　D．forced

　　14．A.bill

　　B．form

　　C．ticket

　　D．list

　　15．A.hopefully

　　B．disappointedly

　　C．gratefully

　　D．regretfully

　　16．A.careful

　　B．serious

　　C．nervous

　　D．pleasant

　　17．A.amused

　　B．worried

　　C．helpless

　　D．speechless

　　18．A.calm

　　B．nice

　　C．proud

　　D．clever

　　19．A.forgiveness

　　B．eagerness

　　C．friendliness

　　D．skillfulness

　　20．A.explanation

　　B．a(chǎn)ttitude

　　C．concept

　　D．behavior

　　Cloze 3

　　(2024·江蘇高考)Years ago，a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever.I met Kurt Kampmeir of Success Motivation Incorporation for breakfast.While we were __1__，Kurt asked me，“John，what is your __2__ for personal growth？”

　　Never at a loss for words，I tried to find things in my life that might __3__for growth.I told him about the many activities in which I was __4__．And I went into a __5__ about how hard I worked and the gains I was making.I must have talked for ten minutes.Kurt __6__ patiently，but then he __7__ smiled and said,

　　“You don’t have a personal plan for growth，do you？”

　　“No”，I __8__．

　　“You know，” Kurt said simply，“growth is not a(n) __9__ process.”

　　And that’s when it

　　__10__ me.I wasn’t doing anything __11__ to make myself better.And at that moment，I made the __12__：I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my __13__．

　　That night，I talked to my wife about my

　　__14__

　　with Kurt and what I had learned.I __15__ her the workbook and tapes Kurt was selling.We __16__ that Kurt wasn’t just trying to make a sale.He was offering a

　　__17__

　　for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.

　　Several important things happened that day.First，we decided to

　　__18__

　　the resources.But more importantly，we made a commitment to

　　__19__ together as a couple.From that day on，we learned together，traveled together，and sacrificed together.It was a

　　__20__ decision.While too many couples grow apart，we were growing together.

　　1．A.working

　　B．preparing

　　C．thinking

　　D．eating

　　2．A.suggestion

　　B．demand

　　C．plan

　　D．request

　　3．A.appeal

　　B．look

　　C．call

　　D．qualify

　　4．A.involved

　　B．trapped

　　C．lost

　　D．bathed