Unit 20　New Frontiers

　　需寫準記牢的單詞——記其形、明其義　幫助；協助后者不久；很快創造者ague n.

　　同事同僚拯救救援出口起初的；最早的同時直言的坦率的后果結果line n.

　　大標題需舉一反三的單詞——知其性、通其變技術上的→technique ．技術技巧→工藝學；技術饑餓→starve 餓死饑餓equality

　　n．平等→equal

　　公平的平等的評價；評估→assessment ．看法評價評定→assessor ．顧問；評判員捐贈；贈送→donation ．捐通信；符合→correspondence

　　．通信；一致符合探測；探險→explore

　　．探索探測(單數形式)現象→phenomena ．(復數形式)現許可允許許可證；通行證→permission

　　．允許許可宣告；宣布→declaration ．宣告；宣布需會讀明義的單詞——識其形、知其義 軟件2．radiation n.

　　放射；輻射放射性的情感(上)的雜志問題；議題消遣；娛樂研討會rise n.

　　事業；企業方便使用的下載更新無污跡的磨損的歧視conflict n.

　　爭執；沖突電子的專家參加者主持(電視或廣播節目)；呈現類別；類型自主的；自治的電腦程序編制員官員投資使不連接；切斷工作著的即可使用的dilemma n.

　　困境進退兩難的窘境治愈專利祖先；祖宗界線；邊界逐漸變弱障礙；屏障原始的長久的永久的最初的開始的按；壓有毒的紀念品

　　1．come_into_conflict

　　發生沖突點擊進入接管接收在進行中發現或查明某物努力解決難以處理的事情完全不像更不用說開球；開始

　　1．[教材原句]We started flying around the world and meanwhile, scientists figured out how_to_split the atom, ...

　　我們開始坐飛機環游世界與此同時科學家們發現了怎樣分離原子[句式解讀]“疑問詞＋不定式”在句中作賓語、主語或表語。[教材原句]By the year 2024, n stainless no_matter_what you spill on them.

　　到2024年服裝工業將生產出新型的布料不管你濺在它們上面什么東西都不會留下痕跡。[句式解讀]“by ＋時間點”作狀語時句子的謂語動詞用相應的完成時；no matter what引導讓步狀語從句。[教材原句]There_is_no_doubt_about it.關于這一點是毫無疑問的。[句式解讀]There is no doubt about ... “……方面是毫無疑問的”。[教材原句]The next step will be_to_send astronauts into the Earth's orbit in order to set up space stations to conduct experiments.為了建立空間站進行實驗下一步要送宇航員進入地球軌道。[句式解讀]be to do ...表示計劃中約定或按職責、義務和要求必須去做某事或即將發生某事。

　　[重難·搶分型詞匯——合作學

　　1．assist　．幫助；協助；援助[高考佳句](2024·天津高考閱讀B)The company's “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product's location in the store.這個公司的機器人Oshbot 是用于在商店里協助顧客的可以幫助顧客找到商品指導他們找到店里商品的擺放地。(1)assist sb. with sth. 幫助某人某事幫助某人做某事(2)assistance n．[U]

　　幫助在……的幫助下來/去幫助某人(3)assistant n．[C]

　　助手；助理；助教；店員The public is urgently requested to assist police in tracing/to trace this man.

　　緊急要求公眾幫助警方追蹤此人。She ran a shop with the assistance of others.

　　在別人的幫助下她開了一家店鋪。

　　Ⅰ.介詞填空 my English study.

　　④The patient was able to walk with the assistance of a cane.

　　Ⅱ.句式升級 (用過去分詞短語作狀語)2．conflict　．斗爭；沖突[教材原句]There will therefore no longer be any conflict and people will be able to live together in peace and 所以將不會再有任何沖突人們將能夠在和平與平等中生活在一起。(1)in conflict with和……沖突抵觸有矛盾處于矛盾中和……沖突引起/限制/解決沖突使某人和……發生沖突、爭執(2)conflict with

　　和……沖突；與……戰斗Their policies are in conflict with their manifesto.

　　他們的政策與他們的宣言不一致。This is a serious dispute, and could lead to armed conflict.

　　這是一場嚴重的爭端有可能導致武裝斗爭。

　　Ⅰ.用conflict的onflict_with the existing policy.

　　②The two companies often come_into_conflict with each other as a result of competition.

　　③These ideas had brought him into_conflict_with Stalin.

　　Ⅱ.一句多譯據報道在罷工中有些工人與警察發生了沖突。－1 It is reported that some workers on strike conflicted_with_the_police. (conflict ．)－2 It is reported that some workers on strike came_into_conflict_with_the_police. (conflict ．)3．donate　捐贈贈送；捐獻(器官)[高考佳句](2024·天津高考寫作) I believe these donated books will not only make you more familiar with China but help enhance your Chinese.我相信捐贈的這些書不僅會使你們更了解中國而且會幫助你們提高漢語。(1)donate sth. to　 　把某物捐獻給……(2)donation n．[C]

　　捐贈；捐贈物；捐款為……募捐present a donation to

　　向……捐贈(3)donator n．[C]

　　捐贈者贈送者He frequently donates large sums to charity.

　　他常常向慈善機構捐贈大筆錢款。I have made a donation to help the survivors of the earthquake.

　　我已經向那些在此次地震中的幸存者捐了款。

　　Ⅰ.介詞填空people are beginning to donate for the poor.

　　③He made a donation of 5，000 dollars to_ the library.

　　Ⅱ.一句多譯他以他母親的名義給這所教堂捐款。－1 He_made_a_donation_to_this_church_in_the_name_of_his_mother. (donation)－2 He_donated_to_this_church_in_the_name_of_his_mother. (donate)單句寫作幸運的是許多人和組織捐了大筆錢幫助他們順利地接受大學教育。ve_college_education_smoothly.

　　4．permit　．許可；允許；準許

　　．通行證；許可證；執[高考佳句](2024·天津高考閱讀A)Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only

　　permitted

　　to cook in the kitchen. 住在設有廚房的樓房里的學生只準在廚房做飯。(1)permit sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事允許做某事(2)a driver's/driving permit

　　駕駛執照(3)permission n．[U]

　　允許；許可獲得某人同意/沒有獲得某人同意請求允許 Many cities permit

　　migrant workers to apply

　　for a hukou, but their family members are not permitted to apply.

　　許多城市允許外來務工人員申請戶口但是他們的家庭成員不允許申請。Without a driver's permit, you are not permitted to drive the car.

　　你若沒有駕駛執照就不允許開這輛車。With your permission, I will carry out the project as soon as possible.

　　如果你允許的話我將盡快展開這項計劃。[名師指津]　permit用作不及物動詞可表示“(時間、條件、天氣等)允許的話”此時常用于獨立主格結構即“名詞＋現在分詞”。也可在前面加if表示條件。[聯想發散]　動詞permit的常見用法：permit sb.to do sth./permit doing sth.根據漢語提示寫出用法類似的動詞。　允許(某人)做forbid sb.to do/doing

　　禁止(某人)做encourage sb.to do/doing

　　鼓勵(某人)做建議(某人)做

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空king (park) near the school gate.

　　②Weather permitting (permit), we will set off for the warehouse for some bargains.

　　③Passengers are permitted to_carry (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.

　　Ⅱ.單句寫作時間允許的話我希望有更多的業余時間與朋友一起度過以便我們能有更好的關系。5．declare　．宣告宣布；聲明表明；宣稱；斷言[高考佳句](2024·湖北高考完形)Several boys were crowding around Chad, declared with a proud smile that he sold six dozen the day before.

　　幾個男孩正簇擁著查德他帶著自豪的微笑宣布自己前一天賣了6打報紙。　宣布……為……向……宣戰聲明贊成/反對宣布某事開始/結束The U．N. has declared it to be a safe zone.聯合國已宣布它為安全區。Since then, he has effectively declared war on the group.

　　自那時起他實際上已經向該團體宣戰。[個性比較]指announce 指把人們關心或感興趣的事公布于眾尤指資訊之類的消息[形象識記]

　　Ⅰ.選詞填空(declare/announce)clared against any war between South Korea and North Korea, which will be announced.

　　②It was declared that the meeting will be postponed.

　　Ⅱ.完成句子e declared_strongly_against (聲明強烈反對) the policy.(向……宣戰) Libya in 2011 and they won it nine months later.e_end_of_the_class (宣布課結束)．6．correspond　．通信；相一致符合；相當于[經典例句]The translation does not quite correspond to the original.譯文不切合原意。(1)correspond to/with和……一致和……通信(2)correspondence n．[U]

　　來往信件通信(聯系)；相關；相似in correspondence with

　　與……有通信聯系[C]

　　記者通訊員(3)corresponding adj.

　　符合的相應的相關的She still corresponds with American friends she met nine years ago.

　　她仍與9年前結識的美國朋友們通信。We have been in correspondence with each other for months.

　　我們保持通信已經好幾個月了。

　　Ⅰ.用correspond的適當形式填空rs.

　　②Investment in the railways will bring a corresponding improvement in services.

　　③His interest in writing came from a long correspondence with a close college friend.

　　Ⅱ.翻譯句子隨著通信技術的普及人們網上交友越來越方便。With_the_popularity_of_correspondence,_it_is_becoming_more_and_more_convenient_for_people_to_make_friends_online.

　　7．in advance　預先提前[高考佳句] (2024·湖南高考閱讀C)The inspection at the light station was often announced in advance.對燈光站的檢查通常是事先通知的。(1)in advance ＝ ahead of time　預先；提前(指事先)在……前面；超過在……方面取得進步(2)advance on/upon/towards

　　朝……前進(3)advanced adj.

　　高等的；先進的；高深的被提升為……China has made great advances in science and technology.

　　中國在科技方面進步很大。The mob advanced on us, shouting angrily.

　　暴民憤怒地喊叫著向我們逼近。Having shown you around our school, we will introduce our most advanced science lab to you.

　　領著您參觀我們學校后我們將向您介紹我校最先進的科技實驗室。

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空(advance) our understanding of language learning.

　　②We aren't advanced (advance) learners of English; we should spend more time on it.

　　③To make sure that he was at home, I called him up in advance.

　　④People had left the coastal regions in advance of the hurricane.

　　Ⅱ.句型轉換ng expenses ahead of time.

　　→We will pay him for travelling expenses in advance．

　　⑥They had moved forward 20 miles by nightfall.

　　→They had advanced 20 miles by nightfall.

　　[常考·保分型詞匯——自主練會]1．rescue　．援救；營救[練習]單句語法填空 my rescue”．come/go to sb.'s rescue

　　“前來(去)救某人”；rescue sb. from ...

　　“把某人從……中解救出來”。　 2．meanwhile　同時；與此同時；其間[練習]用meanwhile的相關短語完成句子In_the_meanwhile I'll set the table.

　　in the meanwhile/meantime“在此期間同時”。　 3．latter　較后的；后半的；(兩者中)后者的 ．后者[練習]完成句子瑪麗和簡都是我的朋友前者是銀行的職員后者在中學教英語。the former ...the latter ... “前者……后者……。　 4．assess 　．評價；評估；評判[練習]完成句子現在還難以評價新法規的效果。這筆財產估價為一百萬美元。assess sth. at ...“對……估價為……”。　 5．take over　接收；接管；接任[練習]用take的相關短語完成句子ay the pain.

　　take in “吸收收留理解”；take on “呈現雇傭”；take away “解除消除”。　

　　1．By_the_year_2024,_the clothing industry will_have_produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter

　　what you spill on them.

　　到2024年服裝工業將生產出新型的布料不管你濺在它們上面什么東西都不會留下痕跡。by the year 2024是“by＋時間點”構成的介詞短語表示“到……時候”。這一結構通常用于完成時態的句子中作時間狀語分為兩種情況：(1)by＋表示將來的By the time you practice medicine, I will have been a doctor for twenty years.

　　等到你行醫的時候我當醫生就已經20年了。(2)by＋表示過去的時間點句子謂語動詞常用過去完成時表示到過去某一時間已經完成的動作。By the time they returned almost a year later, his relatives

　　and neighbors had left.

　　等到大概一年之后他們回到家鄉他的親戚和鄰居都已經走了。　[聯想發散]　by_now,_等通常都要與完成時態連用。

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空(fulfill) the task by the end of this week.

　　②He said he had_waited (wait) for two hours by the time we got there.

　　Ⅱ.對比翻譯到上個學期末為止我們已經學了3 000個英語單詞。到下個學期末為止我們將學習3 000個英語單詞。2．There_is_no_doubt_about it.

　　關于這一點是毫無疑問的。There is no doubt后接that從句或“about＋名詞”結構意為“……毫無疑問”。There is doubt后接whether引導的從句或“about＋名詞”結構意為“……值得懷疑”。There is no doubt about China's ability to deal with some emergencies.

　　對中國政 There is much doubt whether he will keep his word.

　　他是否會信守諾言值得懷疑。[名師指津]　doubt ．“懷疑；疑問”作動詞時其用法如下：①在否定句和疑問句中后面接that引導的賓語從句。②在肯定句中后面一般接whether或if引導的賓語從句。作名詞時用法如下：用于肯定句時一般接whether或if引導的賓語從句。②用于否定句、疑問句時一般接that引導的賓語從句。Fred doesn't doubt that he will rank first in the final.

　　Fred相信他會在決賽中獲得第一名。I really doubt whether/if we can finish the work ahead of time.

　　我懷疑我們能否提前完成工作。

　　Ⅰ.用適當的連詞填空oubt that she will come in time.

　　④I have some doubt whether our team will win.

　　Ⅱ.翻譯句子他是否能當選還不太確定。毫無疑問壓力會導致身體疾病。_doubt_that_stress_can_lead_to_physical_illness.

　　[單元基礎落實練]用所給詞的適當形式填空(update) according to the progress of our study from time to time.

　　2．Julia was assisting (assist) him to prepare his speech.

　　3．Weather permitting,_you are permitted to go for an outing.(permit)

　　4．On hearing the brave girl's disease, local people lined up to donate blood for her, and their donation has saved her life.(donate)

　　5．(2024·皖北協作體聯考)With the development of technology,_ technique is quite popular, for there are many technical training centers of this kind.(technology)

　　Ⅱ.單句改錯o_mention

　　2．I always prefer starting early, rather than leave everything to the last minute.leave→leaving

　　3.Mary's father will not permit her staying up late.staying→to_stay

　　4．By next Sunday you have stayed with us for three months.you后加_will(2024·河南省六校聯考)After graduation for ten years, 選詞填空e away, take over, nothing like, come into conflict, in progress, wonder about, make up for, figure out, get across1.And that's why you're seeing so many leaps in_progress．

　　2．They will pay a hundred and thirty francs in_advance．

　　3．Please don't give_away my secret that I will organize a birthday party for her.

　　4．The two sides came_into_conflict last week, causing five people dead and many injured.

　　5．Johnson took_over the chairmanship of the committee yesterday.

　　6．Now, I want my family to include a little girl who looks nothing_like me or my wife.