2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品資料(譯林牛津版)——模塊七 Unit 4 (講練篇)

　　Unit 4 Public transportation

　　一、重點(diǎn)詞匯

　　考點(diǎn)-1. convey

　　【教材原句】Horse-drawn buses, trams, cabs and carriages were used to convey people to and around the city centre. (P50)馬拉車、有軌電車、計(jì)程車和非機(jī)動(dòng)車被用來(lái)將人們送往市中心及其周圍一帶。

　　【例句研讀】根據(jù)英語(yǔ)句子完成英語(yǔ)句子

　　①Our facial expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment

　　我們的面部表情

　　，如憤怒、喜悅或失望。

　　②Words can't convey how delighted I am!

　　話語(yǔ)

　　我是多么高興！

　　③Would you please convey my good wishes to your mother?

　　請(qǐng)向你母親

　　，好嗎？

　　④This train conveys both passengers and goods.

　　這列火車

　　。

　　⑤A taxi conveyed us to the railway station.

　　一輛出租車

　　。

　　⑥Air is the medium by which sound waves are conveyed.

　　空氣是聲波

　　。

　　【自主歸納】

　　convey one's feelings表達(dá)感情

　　convey one’s emotions?傳達(dá)情感

　　convey news/information to sb.?把消息/信息傳給某人

　　convey meanings傳達(dá)意思

　　convey sb.sth./convey sth.to sb.?向某人傳達(dá)某事

　　conveys passengers /goods載客/運(yùn)貨

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題

　　①I(mǎi) was so excited at the news that I could hardly ________ my feelings in words.

　　A. carry

　　B. convey

　　C. survey

　　D. communicate

　　②What is it that the author wants to ______to his readers through the story?

　　A. send

　　B. convey

　　C. take

　　D. talk

　　考點(diǎn)-2.postpone

　　【教材原句】However, new trains had to be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money, so the digging was postponed until 1860.(P50)但是，新式列車得加以研發(fā)，并且這個(gè)計(jì)劃需要籌集大量的資金，所以地下隧道的挖鑿被推遲到1860年。

　　【例句研讀】根據(jù)英語(yǔ)句子完成英語(yǔ)句子

　　①I(mǎi) got everything ready yesterday，but only to learn that the summer camp was postponed.

　　昨天我做好了一切準(zhǔn)備，卻沒(méi)想到

　　。

　　②They postponed making a decision and we just had to wait.

　　他們

　　，那我們就只能等了。

　　③The sports meeting will be postponed to the following Saturday because of the rain.

　　由于下雨，運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)

　　。

　　【自主歸納】

　　postpone (doing) sth. 推遲(做)某事

　　postpone sth.to/until ... 把……推遲到……

　　delay, postpone, put off

　　三者均可表示將某事推遲到原訂時(shí)間之后的某一時(shí)間進(jìn)行，其后可接名詞或動(dòng)名詞(但一般不接不定式)。為了表明推遲到何時(shí)，可用介詞 to, till, until 等。

　　They delayed [postponed, put off] leaving. 他們推遲動(dòng)身。 He decided to delay/postpone/put off his holiday to/till/until next month.他決定把假期推遲到下個(gè)月。

　　幾點(diǎn)區(qū)別

　　①delay 除表示推遲日期外，還可表示暫時(shí)阻撓或阻擋，因此有“耽擱”、“拖延”等意。如：

　　The heavy rain delayed my journey. 大雨耽擱了我的行程。

　　②postpone 和 put off 主要用于延期，兩者常可換用，只是后者較通俗和口語(yǔ)化；但是 put off 有時(shí)

　　以人作賓語(yǔ)，表示借辭推脫或搪塞某人、推遲或取消與某人的約會(huì)、使某人不高興或反感、打擾某人、讓某人下車等，此時(shí)不宜用 postpone。

　　He tried to put me off with more promises. 他想用更多的諾言來(lái)敷衍我。

　　We’ve invited friends to dinner and it’s too late to put them off now.?

　　我們已邀請(qǐng)朋友來(lái)吃飯，現(xiàn)在取消來(lái)不及了。 Don’t be put off by the title－it’s a really good book. 別介意這書(shū)名不好，它真是本好書(shū)。 Don’t put me off when I’m trying to concentrate.我正要集中注意力呢，別打擾我。

　　注：delay 也可以人作賓語(yǔ)，但強(qiáng)調(diào)的是耽擱某人的時(shí)間

　　I was delayed by the traffic. 因交通堵塞，我遲到了。

　　③delay 除用作動(dòng)詞外，還用作名詞，其余兩者不用作名詞。如： ?We must leave without delay. 我們必須馬上離開(kāi)。

　　?That is the reason of my delay in answering your letter. 這就是我遲遲不給你復(fù)信的緣故。

　　注：名詞 delay 后可接 in doing sth，但不接 of doing sth 或不定式。

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題

　　①I(mǎi)t was an unpopular decision to ________ the new hospital.

　　A. postpone to build

　　B. postpone building

　　C. put off to build

　　D. decide building

　　②After the earthquake, to make sure that rescue work could be carried out as smoothly as possible, the premier

　　his visit to that country.

　　A. put away

　　B. put off

　　C. put up

　　D. put down

　　③—Why were you late for such an important concert?

　　—The plane arrived at the airport after a ________of three hours.

　　A. delay

　　B. rest

　　C. tour

　　D. request

　　考點(diǎn)-3. undertake

　　【教材原句】Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook improving the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of the many different lines and setting up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London. (P51)看到這種情況，一名叫查爾斯·耶基斯的美國(guó)富商于1902年承擔(dān)起了改善地鐵系統(tǒng)的工程，他買(mǎi)下了許多不同的地鐵線，創(chuàng)立了倫敦電力地鐵公司。

　　【例句研讀】根據(jù)英語(yǔ)句子完成英語(yǔ)句子

　　①The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the accident.

　　公司已經(jīng)宣布將這次事故

　　。

　　②She undertook responsibility for the changes.

　　她

　　做出這些改變的責(zé)任。

　　③He undertook(=promised) to finish the job by Friday.

　　他

　　這一工作。

　　【自主歸納】

　　undertake a task承擔(dān)任務(wù)

　　undertake an attack發(fā)動(dòng)進(jìn)攻

　　undertake to do sth. 答應(yīng)、同意做某事

　　undertake that ...

　　承諾……

　　undertook the responsibility of doing sth. 承擔(dān)做某事的責(zé)任

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題

　　①—John, would you lend me some money?

　　—Unless you ________ to pay the money back within six months.

　　A. understand

　　B. undertake

　　C. underplay

　　D. underline

　　②________ the situation, Charles Yerkes undertook _______ the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of many different lines.

　　A. Seeing, improving

　　B. Seen , improved

　　C. To see, to improve

　　D. Having seen, to improve

　　考點(diǎn)-4. enlarge

　　【教材原句】After World War Ⅱ ended in 1945，more people travelled on the underground, so the system was enlarged and more lines were added including the Victoria Line，which was linked with other lines at almost every station.(P51)1945年第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，更多的人乘坐地鐵，于是又增建了更多的地鐵線路，其中包括維多利亞線，它所有的站幾乎都和其他線相連。

　　【例句研讀】根據(jù)英語(yǔ)句子完成英語(yǔ)句子

　　①You must do more reading as it will enlarge your vocabulary.

　　你必須多讀，因?yàn)殚喿x

　　。

　　②I asked the photographer to enlarge the picture.

　　我請(qǐng)攝影師

　　。

　　③He refused to enlarge on his reasons for leaving his job.

　　他拒絕

　　他辭職的原因。

　　【自主歸納】

　　enlarge one’s horizon擴(kuò)大視野

　　擴(kuò)大詞匯量enlarge one's vocabulary

　　放大照片enlarge the photograph/picture

　　詳述enlarge on

　　注意：enlarge是由前綴en (使……)和形容詞large構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞。英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的以en為前綴的動(dòng)詞有：enable使能夠，enrich使豐富， endanger使遭遇危險(xiǎn)， ensure保證，確保， encourage使有勇氣，鼓勵(lì)。

　　參看模塊六Unit 4考點(diǎn)-6.expand

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題

　　①We’ll go through the test of vocabulary while studying English. Try to

　　yours by reading.

　　A. expand

　　B. enlarge

　　C. extend

　　D. increase

　　②You will _______ your health if you work so hard, eat a little food and sleep badly.

　　A. fail

　　B. improve

　　C. help

　　D. endanger

　　③Over the years the European Union has made great efforts to _______ the safety of food and protect the health of its people.

　　A. discover

　　B. ensure

　　C. revise

　　D. react

　　考點(diǎn)-5.split

　　【教材原句】We could split up into groups, and come at different times.(P57)

　　我們可以分成小組，在不同的時(shí)間來(lái)參觀。

　　【例句研讀】根據(jù)英語(yǔ)句子完成英語(yǔ)句子

　　①I(mǎi) split the wood with an axe.

　　我用斧子把木頭

　　。

　　②His jeans split when he sat down.

　　他一坐下牛仔褲就

　　。

　　③Both of us split the money between us.

　　我們倆

　　。

　　④They split up into two teams to play against each other.

　　他們

　　進(jìn)行比賽。

　　⑤She split the class into groups of four.

　　她按四人一組

　　。

　　⑥After they had finished recording Let It Be, the Beatles split up.

　　在錄制完唱片Let It Be后,披頭士樂(lè)隊(duì)就

　　。

　　⑦The teacher has to split up the two students as they are always talking in class.

　　老師

　　，因?yàn)樗麄兛偸巧险n說(shuō)話。

　　⑧Business history split off from economic history in the U.S.A. in 1920s.

　　在二十世紀(jì)20年代美國(guó)

　　。

　　【自主歸納】

　　分裂，分離，分手=break up，把……分開(kāi)split up

　　分成；使分裂成split(up) into

　　從……分離/分化出來(lái)；從……分裂出來(lái)split off from

　　在兩者之間分(享)某物split sth. between...

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題

　　①When such an organized group became too large for its members to travel together comfortably, it would__________.

　　A. hurry up

　　B. split up

　　C. make up

　　D. pick up

　　②The two dogs started to fight, so we tried to _____ them.

　　A. split

　　B. separate

　　C. tear

　　D. divide

　　③According to research, children whose parents __________ are more likely to have difficulty __________ their studies.

　　A. split up; concentrating on

　　B. broke into; to focus on

　　C. gave up; concentration on

　　D. put into; focusing on

　　考點(diǎn)-6. reservation

　　【教材原句】There are many flights to Dalian, and the city has good air connections with most large cities in China, but you need to make reservations in advance. (P59)有許多航班飛往大連，大連與中國(guó)的大多數(shù)大城市有良好的空中聯(lián)系，但是你需要提前預(yù)訂機(jī)票。

　　【例句研讀】根據(jù)英語(yǔ)句子完成英語(yǔ)句子

　　①I(mǎi)’ve made a reservation for you on the morning flight.

　　我為你

　　。

　　②He has reserved three tickets for London.

　　他已

　　。

　　③I have serious reservations about his ability to do the job.

　　我

　　他有沒(méi)有能力勝任這項(xiàng)工作。

　　④We accepted their offer without reservation.

　　我們

　　。

　　⑤This section of the car park is reserved for visitors.

　　這個(gè)停車區(qū)是

　　。

　　⑥Keep some money in reserve, just in case.

　　，以防萬(wàn)一。

　　【自主歸納】

　　reservation n. 預(yù)訂，預(yù)約；保留意見(jiàn)→reserve v. 保留；預(yù)訂；儲(chǔ)備 n. 貯藏(物)；儲(chǔ)備

　　預(yù)訂make reservations/a reservation

　　毫無(wú)保留/異議地without reservation

　　留給某人(某物/某個(gè)地方)reserve ...for sb.

　　(保存起來(lái)亦)備用in reserve

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題

　　①(2011高考福建卷)I’d prefer to________ my judgment until I find all the evidence.

　　A. show

　　B. express

　　C. pass

　　D. reserve

　　②(2024高考浙江卷)“ It's such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customers.

　　A. to be reserved

　　B. having reserved

　　C. reserving

　　D. reserved

　　③As the family did not make a(n) _____ ahead of time, they had to wait at the restaurant in order to get a table.

　　A. approval

　　B. reservation

　　C. arrangement

　　D. enquiry

　　考點(diǎn)-7. punctual

　　【教材原句】Sometimes the slow ferries are not very punctual and there may be long delays. (P59)有時(shí)候較慢的渡船不是很準(zhǔn)時(shí)，可能會(huì)耽擱很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。

　　【例句研讀】根據(jù)英語(yǔ)句子完成英語(yǔ)句子

　　①She is always punctual for every appointment.

　　她總是

　　。

　　②I expect you to be punctual for meetings.

　　我希望你

　　。

　　③We can not guarantee the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.

　　霧天我們不能擔(dān)保火車

　　。

　　④My English teacher is punctual to the minute. 我的英語(yǔ)老師很守時(shí),

　　。

　　【自主歸納】

　　punctual adj.準(zhǔn)時(shí)的，守時(shí)的→punctually adv.準(zhǔn)時(shí)地→punctuality n. 準(zhǔn)時(shí)，守時(shí)