2024屆高考英語一輪基礎知識復習：Unit 5 The power of nature（新人教版選修6）

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　　Unit 5 The power of nature

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　Old Faithful is a geyser(噴泉) located in Wyoming, in Yellowstone National Park in the United States. Old Faithful was named in 1870 during the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition and was the first geyser in the park to receive a name. The geyser, as well as the nearby Old Faithful Inn, is part of the Old Faithful Historic District.

　　On the afternoon of September 18, 1870, members of the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition traveled down the Firehole River from the Kepler Cascades(瀑布) and entered the Upper Geyser Basin. The first geyser they saw was Old Faithful. In his book of the expedition, Nathaniel P. Langford wrote：

　　Judge, then, what must have been our astonishment, as we entered the basin at mid-afternoon of our second day's travel, to see in the clear sunlight, at no great distance, a volume of clear, sparkling water projected into the air to the height of one hundred and twenty-five feet. “Geysers! Geysers！” cried one of our members, and, we soon gathered around this wonderful phenomenon. It was indeed a perfect geyser...We gave it the name of “Old Faithful”．

　　In the early days of the park, Old Faithful was often used as a laundry. Clothes placed in the geyser were ejected then completely washed when the eruption took place. It's been found that linen and cotton cloth was uninjured by the action of the water, but woolen clothes were torn to pieces.

　　Eruptions can shoot 3, 700 to 8, 400 US gallons of boiling water to a height of 106 to 185 feet (32 to 56 m) lasting from 1.5 to 5 minutes. The average height of an eruption is 145 feet(44 m). The highest recorded eruption was 185 feet(56 m) high. Intervals(間隔) between eruptions can range from 45 to 125 minutes, averaging 66.5 minutes in 1939, slowly increasing to an average of 92 minutes today.

　　文章大意：本文是說明文。文章介紹的是美國黃石國家公園的老忠實間歇噴泉。

　　1．When people on the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition saw Old Faithful, they ________.

　　A．were frightened B．decided to end their travel

　　C．were excitedD．took some photos in front of it

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。由Nathaniel P．Langford在書中的描述可知，他們感到驚奇，發出驚呼，并且使用了wonderful, perfect這樣的詞語，由此可知他們心情興奮。

　　2．In the 19th century, some visitors ________.

　　A．discovered more geysers in Yellowstone National Park

　　B．put their clothes in Old Faithful

　　C．hated to stay at Old Faithful Inn

　　D．bathed in Old Faithful

　　答案：B　細節理解題。由倒數第二段可知，在老忠實間歇噴泉被發現的早期，人們通常把它作為一個洗衣場所。

　　3．Compared to 1930s, today tourists have ________.

　　A．less chances to enjoy the eruptions of Old Faithful in a day

　　B．more chances to enjoy the eruptions of Old Faithful in a day

　　C．better chances to see Old Faithful erupt higher

　　D．better chances to see Old Faithful project hotter water

　　答案：A　細節理解題。由最后一段可知，老忠實間歇噴泉噴發的間隔時間從66.5分鐘延長到了92分鐘，所以一天之內噴發的次數應是減少了，A正確。

　　4．What's the passage mainly about?

　　A．The name origin of a geyser.

　　B．The discovery of a geyser.

　　C．A famous national park.

　　D．A famous geyser.

　　答案：D　主旨大意題。本文主要介紹的是美國黃石國家公園的老忠實間歇噴泉的一些基本情況，如地理位置、其名稱的由來、被發現的歷史及噴發情況等，故D正確。

　　.完形填空

　　(2024·長春市質監三)

　　Don't let Aurora's small stature(身材)fool you—her spirit is strong. She is one of 140 chickens __1__ from a farm. When we saved her, she was tiny and sick and it seemed __2__ that she would survive. Having never got the right __3__， many of the chickens were sick and some __4__ died.

　　At a young age, Aurora and her sisters and brothers were __5__ by their mom. Luckily, another mother __6__ their care. Aurora seemed the last to __7__ food and attention. She grew at a much slower __8__ than her brothers and sisters. Everything seemed __9__ her.

　　At the young age of seven months, Aurora had lost two moms and was __10__ to find a place with the other chickens.

　　Aurora __11__ found comfort with an old chicken named Margaret, staying under her wings during the cold nights, __12__ Margaret was so old that a few months later she died. Aurora, in her own way, thinks of Margaret. Every evening, you will find her in the __13__ spot where she kept Margaret company. __14__ when the other chickens try to __15__ her away, Aurora comes back.

　　As Aurora grew, we became __16__ at her love to simply live. Nothing __17__ her.

　　So remember, when life seems so __18__ that you can't take it, think of Aurora. She has lost two moms, watched her sisters and brothers die, and __19__ from serious illnesses. Yet she enjoys the small, sweet __20__ life has offered—safety, food, warmth and good friendships.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文，描述了一只為了生存與各種困難頑強抗爭的小雞的故事。

　　1．A.raisedB．purchased

　　C．rescued

　　D．collected

　　答案：C　本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。raised舉起； purchased購買； rescued拯救； collected收集。下文中提到when we saved her，可以判斷出本空是rescued。

　　2．A.hopeful

　　B．proper

　　C．possible

　　D．unlikely

　　答案：D　本空考查形容詞基本含義的辨析。hopeful有希望的； proper合適的；possible可能的； unlikely不可能的。語意：前一個句子告知小雞生病還很弱小，所以似乎活不了。故選D。

　　3．A.touch

　　B．care

　　C．gift

　　D．partner

　　答案：B　本空考查名詞基本含義的辨析。touch觸及；care關心；gift禮物；partner同伴。語意：因為沒有得到適當的照顧，很多小雞才會生病甚至死亡。故選B。

　　4．A.sadly

　　B．angrily

　　C．coldly

　　D．calmly

　　答案：A　本空考查副詞基本含義的辨析。sadly悲傷地；angrily生氣地；coldly冷淡地；calmly平靜地。許多小雞生病還有一些悲傷地死亡。故選A。

　　5．A.punished

　　B．refused

　　C．abandoned

　　D．scolded

　　答案：C　本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。punished懲罰；refused拒絕；abandoned遺棄；scolded責備。下文Aurora had lost two moms，可以推斷第一個遺棄了他們。故選C。

　　6．A.took on

　　B．put forward

　　C．looked after

　　D．brought about

　　答案：A　本空考查動詞短語基本含義的辨析。took on呈現，接管；put forward提出；looked after照顧；brought about帶來。take on意思是agree to do or be responsible for, 譯為“接管”。故選A。

　　7．A.get

　　B．eat

　　C．draw

　　D．offer

　　答案：A　本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。get得到；eat吃；draw畫畫；offer提供。只有get可以與food and attention 搭配，表示“得到”。故選A。

　　8．A.cost

　　B．rate

　　C．standard

　　D．value

　　答案：B　本空考查名詞基本含義的辨析。cost成本，費用；rate速度；standard水平；value價值。本文第一句提到small stature以及上一句提到的last to get food and attention可以判斷Aurora生長的速度慢于她的兄弟姐妹，所以身材瘦小。故選B。

　　9．A.for

　　B．around

　　C．about

　　D．against

　　答案：D　本空考查介詞基本含義的辨析。for為了；around周圍；about關于；against反對。語意：本句是整段的總結，Aurora的生活總是不如意，似乎一切都在和她作對。故選D。

　　10．A.arranging

　　B．choosing

　　C．struggling

　　D．affording

　　答案：C　本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。arranging安排；choosing選擇； struggling掙扎；affording付得起錢。Aurora先后失去了兩個媽媽，所以她需要想盡辦法找到棲身之處。故選struggling。故選C。

　　11．A.lately

　　B．eventually

　　C．constantly

　　D．frequently

　　答案：B　本空考查副詞基本含義的辨析。lately最近；eventually最后，終于；constantly不斷地； frequently頻繁地。與上一段相呼應，在她不斷的尋找后，終于找到安身之處。故選B。

　　12．A.unless

　　B．so

　　C．because

　　D．but

　　答案：D　本空考查連詞基本含義的辨析。unless除非；so所以；because因為；but但是。雖然找到了安身之處，可是Margaret還是因為年老而死去了，表明Aurora又一次失去了依靠。故選D。

　　13．A.same

　　B．relevant

　　C．similar

　　D．normal

　　答案：A　本空考查形容詞基本含義的辨析。same同樣的；relevant情愿的；similar類似的；normal正常的。Aurora每天都去老地方陪伴Margaret，用same表示她的執著。故選A。

　　14．A.Still

　　B．Thus

　　C．Even

　　D．Yet

　　答案：C　本空考查副詞基本含義的辨析。Still仍；Thus這樣；Even甚至；Yet還。聯系上一句中的same spot，進一步描述Aurora陪伴Margaret的堅定信念，即使別的小雞來趕走她，她也會再回來。故選C。

　　15．A.clear

　　B．put

　　C．turn

　　D．push

　　答案：D　本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。clear清除； put放； turn轉變； push推。根據上題分析，故選D。

　　16．A.nervous

　　B．amazed

　　C．excited

　　D．disappointed

　　答案：B　本空考查形容詞基本含義的辨析。nervous緊張的； amazed感到驚奇的； excited感到興奮的； disappointed感到失望的。我們為Aurora生存的意志力之強而感到驚訝。故選B。

　　17．A.helped

　　B．attracted

　　C．impressed

　　D．stopped

　　答案：D　本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。helped幫助；attracted吸引；impressed給……印象； stopped停止。因為這種love，使得Aurora不能被打敗。什么也不能讓她停下來。故選D。

　　18．A.tough

　　B．different

　　C．smooth

　　D．boring

　　答案：A　本空考查形容詞基本含義的辨析。tough艱苦的；different不同的；smooth順利的；boring令人心煩的。綜合上文，生活對于Aurora一直是艱難的，所以當我們的生活遇到困難時，我們可以想想她的遭遇，從而選擇堅強。故選A。

　　19．A.waked

　　B．made

　　C．recovered

　　D．learned

　　答案：C　本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。waked醒，叫醒；made制作；recovered康復；learned學會。本句話的三個并列謂語都是Aurora的經歷，所以選擇recovered 與from illnesses搭配得當。故選C。

　　20．A.chances

　　B．pleasures

　　C．dreams

　　D．services

　　答案：B　本空考查名詞基本含義的辨析。chances機會；pleasures高興，快樂；dreams夢想；services服務。語意：盡管嘗盡生活的各種艱辛，Aurora卻依然得到了生活給予她的小小快樂，即后面所說的safety, food, warmth and good friendships。故選B。

　　Ⅲ.語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　(2024·石家莊市二模)

　　On receiving my learner's permit a couple of months ago, I started driving lessons straight away. However, it wasn't until two days ago __1__ Dad finally allowed me to drive on the motorway. Our destination was Orewa, __2__ seaside town.

　　That morning I made sure I had enough to drink and went to the toilet about three times __3__ we left. I thought I was totally prepared __4__ the journey, but nothing could have prepared me for my family's complaints.

　　“Relax! Don't hold the steering wheel so __5__(tight)．” called a nervous voice from the backseat.

　　“Speed up. 70 km/h isn't fast enough. You are holding up the traffic.” another voice ordered from the seat next to __6__.

　　How __7__(annoy)! To content them, I __8__(step) hard on the accelerator, and within a second, an angry voice began to yell again.

　　“Stop! Slow down! Are you crazy? Did I tell you to go above 100km/h？”

　　Finally I drove into the city, where the speed limit was only 50km/h.

　　My family seemed relieved and stopped __9__(tell) me what to do. On our way home, the journey was much __10__(easy) than before as everyone else fell fast asleep. So, I just took my time and enjoyed the drive.

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　文章大意：這篇短文主要介紹作者剛拿到駕照后，和家人在高速公路上開車的情形。

　　1．命題立意：考查強調句型。

　　答案：that　句意：直到兩天之前，最終爸爸才讓我在高速公路上開車。It is＋時間＋that引導強調句，故填that。

　　2．命題立意：考查冠詞的用法。

　　答案：a　句意：我們的目的地就是奧雷瓦，海邊的一個小城鎮。town是可數名詞，故填a。

　　3．命題立意：考查連詞的用法。

　　答案：before　句意：那天上午，在我們離開之前，我確保有足夠的飲料，并且去廁所大約去了三次。根據前后動作發生的先后次序，可知答案是before。

　　4．命題立意：考查介詞的用法。

　　答案：for　句意：我認為我為旅行做了充分的準備。prepare...for...為．.....做準備。故填for。

　　5．命題立意：考查副詞的用法。