重慶市2024高考英語閱讀理解選編（115）（附解析）?

　　閱讀理解

　　As a professor at a large American university，I often hear a phrase from students：“I’m only a 1050.” The unlucky students are speaking of the score on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT)，which is used to determine whether they will be admitted to the college or university of their choice，or even have a chance to get a higher education at all.The SAT score，whether it is 800,1100 or 1550，has become the focus at this time of their life.

　　It is obvious that if students value highly their test scores，then a great amount of their self-respect is put in the number.Students who perform poorly on the exam are left feeling that it is all over.The low test score，they think，will make it impossible for them to get into a good college.And without a degree from a_prestigious_university，they fear that many of life’s doors will remain forever closed.

　　According to a study done in the 1990s，the SAT is only a reliable indicator of a student’s future performance in most cases.Interestingly，it becomes much more accurate when it is set together with other indicators—like a student’s high school grades.Even if standardized tests like the SAT could show a student’s academic proficiency(學業水平)，they will never be able to test things like confidence，efforts and will power，and are unable to give us the full picture of a student’s potentialities(潛力).This is not to suggest that we should stop using SAT scores in our college admission process.The SAT is an excellent test in many ways，and the score is still a useful means of testing students.However，it should be only one of many methods used.

　　1.The purpose of the SAT is to test students’________.

　　A.strong willB.academic ability

　　C.full potentialities

　　D.confidence in school work

　　2.Students’ self-respect is influenced by their________.

　　A.scores in the SAT

　　B.achievements in mathematics

　　C.job opportunities

　　D.money spent on education

　　3.The underlined phrase “a prestigious university” probably means “________”.

　　A.a famous university

　　B.a technical university

　　C.a traditional university

　　D.an expensive university

　　4.This passage is mainly about________.

　　A.how to prepare for the SAT

　　B.stress caused by the SAT

　　C.American higher education

　　D.the SAT and its effects

　　【閱讀心得】

　　1.However，many of the young readers are getting interested in such poisonous reading，which costs them what they should pay for their breakfast and brings them nightmares and immoral ideas in return.(完形填空第二段倒數第二句)

　　然而，許多年輕的讀者對這些有害刊物非常感興趣，而這些刊物花掉了他們本該去買早飯的錢，反而給他們帶來了噩夢和邪惡的想法。

　　(1)I bought him a drink in return for his help.

　　我請他喝酒以酬謝他的幫助。

　　(2)On his return he reported his findings to the committee.

　　他一回來就向委員會報告結果。

　　(3)Have you returned the novel to the library?

　　那本小說你還給圖書館了嗎？

　　(4)We decided to return blow for blow.

　　我們決定以牙還牙。

　　2.The unlucky students are speaking of the score on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT)，which is used to determine whether they will be admitted to the college or university of their choice，or even have a chance to get a higher education at all.(閱讀理解第一段第二句)

　　這些不幸的學生正談論他們SAT測試的分數，而這分數決定了他們是否能進入他們選擇的高校，或有機會接受更高層次的教育。

　　(1)Each ticket admits two persons to the party.

　　每張票可供兩人入場參加聚會。

　　(2)He was admitted to hospital with minor burns.

　　他因輕度燒傷而入院。

　　(3)The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year.

　　這所學校每年招收六十名男女新生。

　　(4)He admitted having stolen the car.

　　他招認偷了那輛汽車。

　　3.It is obvious that if students value highly their test scores，then a great amount of their self-respect is put in the number.(閱讀理解第二段第一句)

　　很明顯，如果學生重視他們的考試成績，他們就對這些分數投入了大量的自尊。

　　(1)Put in more water，will you?

　　再加些水，好嗎？

　　(2)He put in a claim for ￡500 damages.

　　他提出一項五百英鎊的賠償要求。

　　(3)If you’re writing to your mother，don’t forget to put in something about her coming to stay.

　　你要是正給你的母親寫信的話，可別忘了再加上幾句請她來住幾天。

　　(4)Could I put in a word at this point?

　　在這點上我可以說句話嗎？1.B　2.A　3.A　4.D　閱讀理解, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項。

　　Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Fever is one of the most common symptoms.

　　Certain microorganisms(微生物)cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release(釋放)poisons that make people sick.

　　Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared.For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.

　　Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.

　　When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces.Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms.People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild.Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.

　　Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.

　　1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A．Food when poisoned can make people sick.

　　B．Food poisoning means death.

　　C．Food poisoning comes in varieties.

　　D．Food poisoning can be serious.

　　2. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning________ .

　　A．are always accompanied by a fever

　　B．are too common to be noted

　　C．can be noticed within hours

　　D．can he ignored

　　3. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT________.

　　A．some chemicals

　　B．low temperatures

　　C．some tiny living things

　　D．certain natural materials

　　4. From Paragraph 5，we can learn that________ .

　　A．mushrooms should not be eaten

　　B．vegetables are safer than meat and seafood

　　C．natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals

　　D．different types of food should be handled differently　本文主要講述了幾種食物中毒的表現，如何避免食物中毒的一些注意事項以及食物中毒后的一些處理方法。

　　1．解析： 選B。細節理解題。由第一段第三句Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly.可知B項內容描述錯誤。食物中毒不一定就意味著死亡。

　　2．解析：選C。細節理解題。由第一段倒數第二句The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.可知C項正確。由第一段最后一句Fever is one of the most common symptoms.可知A項錯誤；由第一段第二句可知食物中毒的人會生病，故B、D兩項錯誤。

　　3．解析：選 B。細節理解題。由第三段第一句、第二段第三句和第五段倒數第二句可知A、C、D三項內容正確。而由第五段中Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures.可知，B項中的low temperatures不會導致食物中毒。

　　4．解析：選D。推理判斷題。本段講述了如何處理不同類型的食物中毒的情況。

　　, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項。

　　You know eating fruit and vegetables does good.But do you know it can also make you look good? People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found.Scientists at St Andrews University found eating them slightly increased yellow and red pigments in the volunteers’ skin. They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks. Increasing their intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day was found to make the person look more healthy and an extra 3.3 portions could enhance their attractiveness, when their photographs were rated by others.

　　Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids (類胡蘿卜素)，which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent age－related diseases including heart disease and cancer. But while it was known eating extreme amounts of certain vegetables such as carrots could turn skin orange ，it was not known a small increase was perceptible(被覺察)to others－and was seen as appealing.

　　A camera measured changes to the skin’s redness, yellowness and lightness, and found it significantly changed in people who naturally increased their intake. These changes were not evident in three weeks. Using light sensors, the researchers showed these red and yellow hues were linked with the levels of carotenoids in their skin. There are hundreds of carotenoids but those thought to have the most dramatic effect are lycopene(番茄紅素)，which gives tomatoes and red peppers their red colour and beta－carotene found in carrots as well as broccoli, squash, and spinach. Skin colour is also affected by chemicals called polyphenols(多元酚)，found in apples, blueberries and cherries, which cause blood rush to the skin surface.

　　4． What do we know from the research?

　　A． If you take in a little more fruit and vegetables, you will obviously look more attractive in three weeks.

　　B． The researchers took the pictures of the 35 people in the research at different stages.

　　C． Increasing your intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day can greatly improve your health.

　　D． People who increased their intake of greens by 3.3 portions a day were found the most attractive after six weeks.

　　． Which of the following is NOT the function of carotenoids ?

　　A． They can protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays.

　　B． They can prevent heart disease and cancer.

　　C． They can prevent age－related diseases.

　　D． They can keep you in good health.

　　． Which of the statements is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A． We’ve already known eating extreme amounts of carrots can turn skin orange.

　　B． We knew in the past that eating a few more carrots could make us look appealing.

　　C． The research showed the improvement in skin is linked with the levels of carotenoids in it.

　　D． Among hundreds of carotenoids, lycopene is thought to have the most dramatic effect on the skin.

　　． We can infer from the passage that ________

　　A．skin’s redness, yellowness and lightness make a person look more healthy and attractive

　　B．carotenoids have the same effect as lycopene

　　C．it is carotenoids that give tomatoes and red peppers their red colour

　　D．both beta－carotene and polyphenols affect skin colour by causing blood rush to the skin surface

　　　本文主要論述了吃水果和蔬菜不僅讓我們的身體健康，而且還能使人看起來更漂亮。

　　．解析：選B。細節理解題。根據They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks.故選B。

　　．解析：選D。細節理解題。根據Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids (類胡蘿卜素)，which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent age-related diseases including heart disease and cancer.沒有提到選項D的內容，故選D。

　　．解析：選B。細節理解題。根據全文都是說現在的研究發現的內容，沒有提到過去的情況，故選B。

　　．解析：選A。推理判斷題。根據People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found.可以推出皮膚發紅、發黃、輕盈讓人看起來更健康和有吸引力。故選A。—詞義猜測題、觀點態度題。

　　Carrier Pigeons

　　People have used pigeons to carry messages to one another for hundreds of years. In fact, pigeons were a common way to send messages right up through World War Ⅱ.

　　In 1815 an English banker named Nathan Rothschild made his fortune by relying on messages sent to him by carrier pigeons. English troops were fighting Napoleon's forces in France, and the English were believed to be losing. A financial panic gripped London. Government bonds were offered at low prices. Few people noticed that Rothschild was snapping up these bonds when everyone else was desperately trying to sell them. A few days later, London learned the truth; the Duke of Wellington had defeated Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo. The value of the bonds went up, and Rothschild became extremely wealthy-all because his pigeons had brought him news of the victory before anyone else knew of it.

　　Most of the time, however, carrier pigeons were used to benefit an entire country, not just one individual. The United States, England, France, Germany, and Italy, in both World War I and World War , used carrier pigeons. Not only were the birds often the fastest, most reliable way to send messages, they could also be used to reach soldiers far behind enemy lines, where radios and field telephone lines were useless. Since they could easily be released from airplanes or ships, every branch of the armed services used the birds. In World War Ⅱ, more than 3,000 soldiers and 150 officers were needed to care for and train the tens of thousands of birds in the US Pigeon Service.

　　Carrying messages could be a dangerous job. Some pigeons performed with such bravery that they became famous and were even awarded medals, such as England's Dicken Medal of Gallantry. In a few cases, pigeons even became prisoners of war. In 1918 American forces captured a pigeon named The Kaiser, which had been trained to fly special missions for Germany during battle. He was taken to America. Where he lived to the age of 32.

　　The most famous pigeon of all may have been Cher Ami. Stationed in France during World War I. he carried twelve important messages for American forces. On his last mission, though wounded, he carried a message that saved the lives of 194 American soldiers. For his extraordinary service, he was awarded the French” Croix de guerre”.

　　Carrier pigeons are a slightly different breed from the kind of pigeon you see on city streets. They ate much thinner and taller, with longer legs. Many people find carrier pigeons ugly because of their big wattle, a knobby buildup of skin on the beat; however, people who raise pigeons often enjoy this odd appearance and consider carriers the best of their breeds.

　　Today, modern communication methods can carry information from one place to another hundreds of times faster than a pigeon could do it. However, few people would argue with the fact that carrier pigeons—especially those that served in the military(軍隊)—have earned their place in history. Stories about brave pigeons such as Cher Ami, President Wilson, and Colonel's Lady have the power to inspire us as no fax machine or high-speed Internet connection could ever do.