專題技能突破(15)語法填空之非謂語

　　【技能講解】　當(dāng)括號內(nèi)給出的是動詞，而且所在句子已經(jīng)有了謂語，就要考慮使用非謂語動詞來作狀語、定語、補語等。在名詞后時，常作定語，需要分析名詞和動詞的主被動關(guān)系，doing表主動、伴隨，done表被動、完成。典例剖析

　　1.[2024·課標(biāo)全國卷]A study of travelers ________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.

　　[答案]　conducted　conduct和study是被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞形式作study的后置定語。

　　2．[2024·天津高考] ________ (absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.

　　[答案]　Absorbed　由于全神貫注地畫畫，約翰沒有察覺到夜幕降臨了，結(jié)合固定搭配be absorbed in，可知用absorbed作原因狀語。

　　3．[2024·廣東高考]Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees ________ (sell) the wood.

　　[答案]　to sell　根據(jù)句意判斷，砍樹是為了賣木頭，用to sell表目的。

　　4．[2024·浙江高考]Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ________ (perform) live is quite another.

　　[答案]　being performed　performed作hear的補語，it與perform間為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系且表進行，故答案為being performed。

　　5．[2024·江西紅色六校聯(lián)考]Most of her spare time ________ (occupy), she will kept on her research in the library.

　　[答案]　occupied　句意：雖然她的大部分業(yè)余時間都被占用了，但她仍然在圖書館進行她的研究。本句為含有非謂語動詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因為“時間”和“占用”為被動關(guān)系，且表示完成，故用過去分詞形式。

　　技能點撥　現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的選用判斷主被動關(guān)系尤為重要。空白處作狀語時，要判斷空白處動詞的邏輯主語和動詞的關(guān)系；空白處作定語時，判斷空白處動詞與其修飾的名詞的關(guān)系；空白處作賓補時，判斷空白處動詞與賓語的關(guān)系，主動關(guān)系選用現(xiàn)在分詞，被動關(guān)系選用過去分詞。

　　技能演練

　　用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空

　　1．Nowadays, the Chinese words “tuhao” have become so familiar to many Chinese people that they often play jokes on each other when

　　________ (chat) about the daily life.

　　答案：chatting　chat和they是主動關(guān)系，用chatting作狀語，注意chat為重讀閉音節(jié)，需雙寫字母t。

　　2．Last night, there were millions of people

　　________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.

　　答案：watching　watch修飾people作定語，主動關(guān)系，用watching。

　　3．Storms that produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along New Mexico's border with Texas on Friday, ________ (destroy) homes and other building and injuring at least 16 people, authorities said.

　　答案：destroying　現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語表示“自然而然”或“意料之中”的結(jié)果。

　　4．When we saw the road ________ (block) with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.

　　答案：blocked　blocked作saw的補語，和road是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞形式。

　　5．The thought of making an open fire outside at midday, and ________ (cook) in a large three-legged pot in that intense heat, was sufficient to upset even an angel.

　　答案：cooking　cooking和making并列，作of 的賓語。

　　6．The days we spent at the Center inspired us boys ________ (reflect) on many things.

　　答案：to reflect　“inspire sb. to do sth.”固定用法“鼓舞/激勵某人做某事”。

　　專題技能突破(15)語法填空之非謂語

　　【技能講解】　當(dāng)括號內(nèi)給出的是動詞，而且所在句子已經(jīng)有了謂語，就要考慮使用非謂語動詞來作狀語、定語、補語等。在名詞后時，常作定語，需要分析名詞和動詞的主被動關(guān)系，doing表主動、伴隨，done表被動、完成。典例剖析

　　1.[2024·課標(biāo)全國卷]A study of travelers ________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.

　　[答案]　conducted　conduct和study是被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞形式作study的后置定語。

　　2．[2024·天津高考] ________ (absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.

　　[答案]　Absorbed　由于全神貫注地畫畫，約翰沒有察覺到夜幕降臨了，結(jié)合固定搭配be absorbed in，可知用absorbed作原因狀語。

　　3．[2024·廣東高考]Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees ________ (sell) the wood.

　　[答案]　to sell　根據(jù)句意判斷，砍樹是為了賣木頭，用to sell表目的。

　　4．[2024·浙江高考]Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ________ (perform) live is quite another.

　　[答案]　being performed　performed作hear的補語，it與perform間為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系且表進行，故答案為being performed。

　　5．[2024·江西紅色六校聯(lián)考]Most of her spare time ________ (occupy), she will kept on her research in the library.

　　[答案]　occupied　句意：雖然她的大部分業(yè)余時間都被占用了，但她仍然在圖書館進行她的研究。本句為含有非謂語動詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因為“時間”和“占用”為被動關(guān)系，且表示完成，故用過去分詞形式。

　　技能點撥　現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的選用判斷主被動關(guān)系尤為重要。空白處作狀語時，要判斷空白處動詞的邏輯主語和動詞的關(guān)系；空白處作定語時，判斷空白處動詞與其修飾的名詞的關(guān)系；空白處作賓補時，判斷空白處動詞與賓語的關(guān)系，主動關(guān)系選用現(xiàn)在分詞，被動關(guān)系選用過去分詞。

　　技能演練

　　用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空

　　1．Nowadays, the Chinese words “tuhao” have become so familiar to many Chinese people that they often play jokes on each other when

　　________ (chat) about the daily life.

　　答案：chatting　chat和they是主動關(guān)系，用chatting作狀語，注意chat為重讀閉音節(jié)，需雙寫字母t。

　　2．Last night, there were millions of people

　　________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.

　　答案：watching　watch修飾people作定語，主動關(guān)系，用watching。

　　3．Storms that produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along New Mexico's border with Texas on Friday, ________ (destroy) homes and other building and injuring at least 16 people, authorities said.

　　答案：destroying　現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語表示“自然而然”或“意料之中”的結(jié)果。

　　4．When we saw the road ________ (block) with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.

　　答案：blocked　blocked作saw的補語，和road是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞形式。

　　5．The thought of making an open fire outside at midday, and ________ (cook) in a large three-legged pot in that intense heat, was sufficient to upset even an angel.

　　答案：cooking　cooking和making并列，作of 的賓語。

　　6．The days we spent at the Center inspired us boys ________ (reflect) on many things.

　　答案：to reflect　“inspire sb. to do sth.”固定用法“鼓舞/激勵某人做某事”。