北京市房山區2024高考英語完形填空基礎練習（3）及答案解析

　　完形填空--------夾敘夾議文

　　(2024·江蘇)I used to believe in the American Dream，which meant a job，a mortgage(按揭)，credit cards，success.I wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else，all of us __21__ chasing the same thing.

　　One year，through a series of unhappy events，it all fell __22__.I found myself homeless and alone.I had my truck and $56.I __23__ the countryside for some place I could rent for the __24__ possible amount.I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road __25__the Potomac River in West Virginia.It was__26__，full of broken glass and rubbish.I found the owner，rented it，and __27__ a corner to camp in.

　　The locals knew nothing about me，__28__ slowly，they started teaching me the __29__ of being a neighbor.They dropped off blankets，candles，and tools，and began __30__ around to chat.They started to teach me a belief in a __31__ American Dream—not the one of individual achievement but of __32__.

　　What I had believed in，all those things I thought were__33__ for a civilized life，were nonexistent in this place.__34__ on the mountain，my most valuable possessions were my __35__ with my neighbors.

　　Four years later，I moved back into __36__.I saw many people were having a really hard time，__37__ their jobs and homes.I managed to rent a big enough house to __38__ a handful of people.There are four of us now in the house，but over time I've had nine people come in and move on to other places.We'd all be in __39__ if we hadn't banded together.

　　The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one.It's not so much about what I can get for myself；it's about __40__ we can all get by together.

　　【語篇解讀】 本文屬于夾敘夾議的文體。作者從自己的親身經歷，反映出一個人的夢不是美國夢，所有人的夢才是美國夢，只有大家共同努力才能實現共同的夢想。

　　21．A.separately

　　B．equally

　　C．violently

　　D．naturally

　　解析　句意：我們都在各自地追求同樣的事物。separately“各自地”，equally“平等地”，violently“猛烈地”，naturally“自然地”。

　　答案　A

　　22．A.off

　　B．apart

　　C．over

　　D．out

　　解析　句意：經歷了一系列的不幸，一切都破碎了。fall off“跌落，掉下”，fall apart“崩潰，破碎”，fall over“跌倒，摔倒”，fall out“掉隊，爭吵”。

　　答案　B

　　23．A.crossed

　　B．left

　　C．toured

　　D．searched

　　解析　句意：我在農村尋找一處租金最便宜的地方。crossed“橫穿”，left“離開”，toured“旅游”，searched“搜尋”。

　　答案　D

　　24．A.fullest

　　B．largest

　　C．fairest

　　D．cheapest

　　解析　租最“便宜”的是理所當然。

　　答案　D

　　25．A.at

　　B．through

　　C．over

　　D．round

　　解析　句意：我在西弗吉尼亞州偶然找到了一處破舊的房子，它位于在Potomac河上一條崎嶇的山路上方。

　　答案　C

　　26．A.occupied

　　B．abandoned

　　C．emptied

　　D．robbed

　　解析　句意：它被荒廢了，到處都是碎玻璃和垃圾。occupied“占領，占據”，abandoned“廢棄的，遺棄的”，emptied“空的，空虛的”，robbed“搶劫的”。

　　答案　B

　　27．A.turned

　　B．approached

　　C．cleared

　　D．cut

　　解析　clear a corner to camp in.意為清理了一角來駐扎下來。

　　答案　C

　　28．A.but

　　B．although

　　C．otherwise

　　D．for

　　解析　句意：當地人對我一無所知，但是，慢慢地他們開始教我成為鄰居的藝術。

　　答案　A

　　29．A.benefit

　　B．lesson

　　C．nature

　　D．art

　　解析　benefit“利益，好處”，lesson“課程，教訓”，nature“自然”，art“藝術”。

　　答案　D

　　30．A.sticking

　　B．looking

　　C．swinging

　　D．turning

　　解析　句意：他們放下毛氈，蠟燭和工具，并且開始留下來聊天。stick around“徘徊，逗留”，look around“環視”，swing around“到處搖擺”，turn around“轉身”。

　　答案　A

　　31．A.wild

　　B．real

　　C．different

　　D．remote

　　解析　句意：他們開始另一種不同美國夢的信念，它不是個人的成就而是睦鄰友好之夢。

　　答案　C

　　32．A.neighborliness

　　B．happiness

　　C．friendliness

　　D．kindness

　　解析　neighborliness“和睦，鄰人之誼”，happiness“幸福”，friendliness“友好”，kindness“善良”。

　　答案　A

　　33．A.unique

　　B．expensive

　　C．rare

　　D．necessary

　　解析　句意：我最初相信這些東西，在文明生活中是必須的，在這種地方是不存在的。

　　答案　D

　　34．A.Up

　　B．Down

　　C．Deep

　　D．Along

　　解析　句意：在山上面，我最有價值的財產是與鄰居的關系。up在上文中有出處。

　　答案　A

　　35．A.cooperation

　　B．relationships

　　C．satisfaction

　　D．appointments

　　解析　cooperation“合作”，relationships“關系”，satisfaction“滿意”，appointments“預約”。

　　答案　B

　　36．A.reality

　　B．society

　　C．town

　　D．life

　　解析　句意：四年后，我搬回了城市。根據上文的countryside可推出。

　　答案　C

　　37．A.creating

　　B．losing

　　C．quitting

　　D．offering

　　解析　句意：我看到許多人生活艱辛，失去工作和家園。create“創造”，lose“失去”，quit“放棄”，offer“提供”。

　　答案　B

　　38．A.put in

　　B．turn in

　　C．take in

　　D．get in

　　解析　句意：我租了一間足夠大的房子，可以容納許多人。put in“放入，提交”，turn in“上交，告發”，take in“接受，拘留”，get in“進入，收獲”。

　　答案　C

　　39．A.yards

　　B．shelters

　　C．camps

　　D．cottages

　　解析　句意：如果我們不團結起來，我們都將住在庇護所里。in yards“在庭院里”，in shelters“在庇護所里，在收容所里”，in camps“在營地”，in cottages“在小村莊里”。

　　答案　B

　　40．A.when

　　B．what

　　C．whether

　　D．how

　　解析　句意：它并不關乎我們為自己得到什么，而是關乎如何協作。

　　答案　D

　　文體技法歸納

　　夾敘夾議完形填空所選的文章一般富于哲理性，往往可以從一件看似平淡的小事中悟出深刻的人生哲理，因此耐人尋味，可讀性較強。

　　在結構上，作者首先敘述一件事情，然后就此事情引申出一個深刻的社會話題或就此事提出自己的觀點；或者先提出一種觀點或看法，然后就這一觀點或看法用具體的事例加以說明，最后再進一步闡述或作出結論。

　　夾敘夾議文在語言上又具有議論文的特點：語言客觀、準確、邏輯性強，且具有概括性。那么，我們在做夾敘夾議文類的完形填空題時，需要注意哪些方面呢？

　　1．重視文章首句

　　夾敘夾議文常常以文章的標題、首句或簡短的第一段導入話題，然后以順敘或倒敘等敘事的方式適當加以描寫，通過巧妙安排，在文章最后概括主題。因此，在解答夾敘夾議文類的完形填空時，考生首先要讀懂第一段，尤其是文章的第一句話，這樣就可以迅速總結出全文的主旨大意。

　　2．理清文章結構

　　夾敘夾議文類的文章通常是先進行敘述，然后在段落的結尾或文章的末尾展開議論，提出故事所包含的哲理或總結自己的觀點。做題時，考生要跟著作者的思路讀全文，思維要有靈活性，要隨著記敘與議論的轉換，及時調整思維方式。只有理清了文章的結構，才能更容易地理解文章，作出正確的選擇。

　　3．抓住文章線索

　　理解夾敘夾議類文章要抓住線索，注意情節的變化，以求綜觀上下文，達到整體理解文意，從而避免片面性和斷章取義。找出敘述、議論部分相關的命題規律與特點，分清論點、論據的習慣表達方式，找準文章的論點、論據和結論句式，使敘述與議論渾然一體。

　　2024高考英語綜合能力測試題（1）】

　　完形填空（共1 5小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

　　閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1-15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。

　　How much is a kind word worth? How deeply can a touch heal? How important are your little

　　1

　　with your family, friends, and customers?

　　Hairdresser David learned these answers from a customer who came to him

　　2

　　every month. One day she phoned David in between her regular visits and asked if he would style her

　　3

　　for an important occasion that evening. David

　　4

　　her into his schedule seriously and gave her his usual loving attention. He had a friendly talk with her, laughed, touched her

　　5

　　, and told her how beautiful she

　　6

　　. After her session, she smiled and

　　7

　　him.

　　You can imagine David's shock when a few days

　　8

　　he received a handwritten letter from the woman. She explained that the important occasion she wanted to look good for that evening was her own

　　9

　　. She had planned to kill herself later that day. When she spent time with David, however, the

　　10

　　he showed her influenced her to change her mind. She decided that life was

　　11

　　living, and she could go on.

　　This extraordinary experience inspired David to

　　12

　　what he was doing with his work and his life. He realized that his purpose with customers went far beyond

　　13

　　hair. Within his own influence he had the power to make people's days and even lives. So he adopted the career of "Day maker". Now, as owner of ten

　　14

　　spas that treat thousands of people each day, David teaches his employees that they should never underestimate(低估)the power of a kind word or thought. It may affect one or many people without you even knowing it. Even a

　　15

　　touch can make a huge difference.

　　1. A. problems

　　B. interactions

　　C. words

　　D. touches

　　2. A. usually

　　B. rarely

　　C. actively

　　D. regularly

　　3. A. hair

　　B. nose

　　C. clothes

　　D. friend

　　4. A. changed

　　B. made

　　C. helped

　　D. fitted

　　5. A. importantly

　　B. kindly

　　C. rudely

　　D. normally

　　6. A. sang

　　B. jumped

　　C. looked

　　D. danced

　　7. A. thanked

　　B. blamed

　　C. refused

　　D. criticized

　　8. A. after

　　B. later

　　C. before

　　D. soon

　　9. A. death

　　B. letter

　　C. funeral

　　D. life

　　10. A. kindness

　　B. thoughtfulness

　　C. illness

　　D. loneliness

　　11. A. busy

　　B. comfortable

　　C. useless

　　D. worth

　　12. A. reconsider

　　B. wonder

　　C. question

　　D. decide

　　13. A. drying

　　B. dying

　　C. styling

　　D. washing

　　14. A. beautiful

　　B. awful

　　C. successful

　　D. careful

　　15. A. rude

　　B. distant

　　C. regular

　　D. gentle

　　【參考答案】1-5 BDADB

　　6-10 CABCA

　　11-15 DACCD

　　完形填空

　　平凡的事造就不平凡的人生。理發師David的一次平凡的服務改變了一位顧客的命運。一位原本打算自殺的女顧客由于感受到他話語的和藹和愛撫的溫柔而重新喚醒對生活的信心。

　　1. B。根據下文，和藹的話語和溫柔的愛撫都屬于人與人之間的互動，因此應選B。

　　2. D。從every month 及后面的regular visits可知應為D。

　　3. A。從David 的職業hairdresser可知應選A。

　　4. D。 David很認真地把她安排 (fitted) 進他的日程里，其他動詞均不合適。

　　5. B。根據上下文應知是David親切地碰觸她，因此應選B 。

　　6. C。根據句意，此處應為告訴她看起來有多美。7. A。由上文可知女顧客對David的工作非常滿意，所以此處應是感謝他。

　　8. B。由下文可知“過了幾天后”他得知自己的真誠服務使女顧客放棄自殺時是震驚的。

　　9. C。由下文可知她原本計劃當晚自殺，所以她為之準備的重要場合是她自己的葬禮。

　　10. A。由上下文可知女顧客應是被David的善良所感動和影響。

　　11. D。女顧客覺得活著是“值得的”，所以改變了要自殺的主意，因此答案為D。

　　12. A。這個特別的經歷啟發David對自己的工作和人生進行了重新思考，reconsider意為“重新考慮”，因此選A。

　　13. C。與前文第二段“style her hair”是同詞復現，選C。

　　14. C。由后面提及的每天接待數千人可知他經營的spas是成功的，其他選項均不符合句意，因此應選C。

　　15. D。結合上下文此處應為溫柔的觸碰，gentle 意為“溫和的”，因此選D。

　　夾敘夾議

　　(2024·安徽)When I settled in Chicago，my new city seemed so big and unfriendly.Then I had a __21__ problem and had to go to hospital for a __22__ examination.

　　It seemed a small __23__ compared to the one I was about to face，but things started to go __24__ right from the beginning.Not having a car or __25__ the city，I was depending on a couple of buses to get me from A to B．__26__ I'd left myself plenty of time，soon it was __27__ I was going to be late，as I had mistakenly boarded a bus that was taking me in the __28__ direction.