gre issue寫作提綱思路與分析9

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gre issue寫作提綱思路與分析9

　　很多參加gre的考生在做gre寫作的時候都沒有寫提綱的習慣，這是非常不好的。提綱在gre寫作當中起到了至關(guān)重要的作用。從今天起，我們將對gre issue進行分析，弄清寫作思路，這樣才能讓gre issue得高分。下面針對gre issue寫作提綱思路與分析進行說明。

　　issue87

　　87. In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important discoveries.

　　在所有的研究領(lǐng)域中，新手要比專家更有可能獲得重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)。

　　【提綱】

　　1 誠然，新手因為剛?cè)腴T，對事物充滿了好奇心，并且由于缺乏專業(yè)知識，所以可以在一定程度上排除定勢思維。

　　2 但是我認為在一個領(lǐng)域要有重大發(fā)現(xiàn)是需要一定的背景知識做為前提的。【例子，F(xiàn)reud developed　his psycho-analysis approach for the treatment of psychological and emotional disorders.這個治療方法的發(fā)現(xiàn)是建立在Freud 深厚的心理學背景知識和多年對心理學的研究上的】牛頓的巨人觀點;瓦特發(fā)明蒸汽機也是如此;一開始哪能馬上達到正確深入的研究呢;那個step by step 的話

　　3 其實要獲得重大發(fā)現(xiàn)我認為應(yīng)該結(jié)合新手和老手的優(yōu)勢，既要有一定的知識背景的積累，又要有新手開拓創(chuàng)新的精神。比如碰到一個問題不要只是按正向思維，可以逆向思維【converse thinking】

　　【關(guān)于弗洛伊德的簡介】

　　Sigmund Freud was born on May 6, 1856 at Freiberg, Moravia, now Pribor in the Czech Republic. Freud developed the techniques of Psycho-Analysis for the treatment of psychological and emotional disorders.Freud graduated as Doctor of Medicine from the Medical School of the University of Vienna in 1881. In September 1891 Freud moved to 19 Berggasse in Vienna where he lived and worked for the next 47 years.In 1896 in his paper, The Aetiology of Hysteria, Freud first used the term Psycho-Analysis. In October of 1902 a circle of physicians grouped around Freud began a weekly discussion of Psycho-Analysis. From 1908 on the group called itself Vienna Psycho-Analytical Society. In 1910 the International Psycho-Analytical Association was formed in Nuremberg with Swiss psychologist Carl Jung as the first president. Psycho-analysis soon gained acceptance all over the world as a scientific discipline and as a therapeutical approach.

　　On March 12, 1938 German troops marched into Austria and the Nazis assumed power. Freuds daughter　Anna was arrested on March 22 by the Gestapo and held for a day. On June 4, following numerous international interventions, Freud was allowed to emigrate to London with his wife, his youngest daughter Anna, his housekeeper Paula Fichtl and his medical caretaker Josefine Stross. Freuds other children also　managed to escape. His brother lost all his property when he left Vienna, and four elderly and infirm sisters were forced to remain in Vienna and killed in concentration camps in 1941. Freud moved to a house at 20 Maresfield Gardens in Londons Hampstead section. Sigmund Freud died on September 23, 1939. The Sigmund Freud Museum was opened in his former office at 19 erggasse, Vienna in 1971.