高考英語題型專項 完形填空
第二部分題型專項 完形填空
☆一、考點聚焦
1、題型特點
(1)完形填空是一種測試學生的外語語言知識以及運用這種語言的綜合能力的試題。
(2)通常從一篇詞數250左右、難度略低于教材上課文的文章中設空格20個,用時約18分鐘。
(3)考點層次從小到大分為四類:單詞層次,詞組層次,句子層次與語篇層次。
(4)選項中的干擾項設置與語法結構錯誤無關,重在文意的干擾。
2、試題要求
(1)鞏固、扎實、熟練的英語語法知識和豐富的英語知識。
(2)文章閱讀能力和技巧,特別是快速閱讀理解能力,甚至是跳過一些詞語的能力。
(3)扎實的英語詞組、短語,慣用法等固定搭配的知識,詞語意義和詞法的辨析能力。特別是以動詞為中心的詞組。
(4)邏輯思維能力,特別是理解文章的整體內容、主題思想的能力和推理判斷的能力。
(5)根據試題捕捉相關信息能力。
3、命題走向
(1)文章趨向長,詞數250左右,多為夾敘夾議文章。
(2)短文內容邏輯性強,結構嚴謹,層次分明。
(3)文章語言符合高三學生的實際水平,一般采用故事體,盡量避免選用專業性太強的文章或論說文體。
(4)意義選擇填空為主,語法選擇填空為輔。
(5)逐步過渡到選最佳答案。以單詞填空為主,詞組和短語填空為輔。
(二、應試技巧點撥
(1)通讀全文,掌握主題思想和文章結構。
(2)依次對各測試部分進行分析,觀察判斷所需內容。
(3)利用掌握的知識判斷選擇。
(4)根據文章上下文內容進行推理。
(5)尋找信息詞,運用固定搭配和比較判斷法。
(6)先易后難,利用已選出的正確答案推測未知答案。
(7)復讀全文,驗證答案。
(三、精典范例
例1(NMET
2001)
He has been called the “missing link .” Half-man, half-beast. He is supposed to live in the highest mountain in the world-Mount Everest.
He is known as the Abominable Snowman. The ___1__ of the Snowman has been around for ___2
__. Climbers in the 1920s reported finding marks like those of human feet high up on the side of Mound Everest. The native people said they___3___this creature and called it the “Yeti,”and they said that they had___5__caught Yetis on two occasions ___4 __none has ever been produced an evidence(證據)。
Over the years, the story of the Yetis has___6___.In 1951, Eric Shipton took photographs of a set of tracks in the snow of Everest. Shipton believed that they were not ____7___the tracks of a monkey or bear and ____8___that the Abominable Snowman might really____9___.
Further efforts have been made to find out about Yetis. But the only things people have ever found were ___10_ _footprints. Most believe the footprints are nothing more than ___11___animal tracks, which had been made ___12___
as the melted(融化)and refroze in the snow. ____13___,in 1964, a Russian scientist said that the Abominable Snowman was ____14___and was a remaining link with the prehistoric humans. But,
_15
__,no evidence has ever ___16___been produced.
These days, only a few people continue to take the story of the Abominable Snowman ____17____. But if they ever ____18____catching one, they may face a real _____19____: Would they put it in a___ 20____or give it a room in a hotel?
(
)1. A.event
B.story
C.adventure
D.description
(
)2. A.centuries
B.too long
C.some time
D.many years
(
)3. A.heard from B.cared for C.knew of
D.read about
(
)4. A.even
B.hardly
C.certainly
D.probably
(
)5. A.as
B.though
C.when
D.until
(
)6. A.developed
B.changed
C.occurred
D.continued
(
)7. A.entirely
B.naturally C.clearly
D.simply
(
)8. A.found
B.declared
C.felt
D.doubled
(
)9. A.exist
B.escape
C.disappear
D.return
(
)10.A.clearer
B.more
C.possible
D.rare
(
)11.A.huge
B.recent
C.ordinary
D.frightening
(
)12.A.strange
B.large
C.deep
D.rough
(
)13.A.In the end B.Therefore C.After all
D.However
(
)14.A.imagined
B.real
C.special
D.familiar
(
)15.A.so
B.besides
C.again
D.instead
(
)16.A.rightiy
B.actually
C.normally
D.particularly
(
)17.A.lightly
B.jokingly
C.seriously
D.properly
(
)18.A.succeed in B.insist on C.depend on
D.join in
(
)19.A.decision
B.situation C.subject
D.problem
(
)20.A.zoo
B.mountain
C.museum
D.laboratory
解析:本文是一篇以介紹一種“半人半獸”的生物“Yeti”為主要內容的說明文;主要介紹了其特征、居住地以及關于它的傳說故事。解題時,應先略讀文章,了解大意;再細讀文章,依次解題;最后通讀全文,檢查答案的準確性。
本題考查對文章的理解和詞匯的意義,兼考慣用搭配、常識和語法。題1、2、10、11、12、14、偏20重于考查對文章內容的理解;題38、41、8、9、18、19考查詞匯(包括詞組、動詞、名詞)的辨析;題4、7、15、16、17要求根據文章內容判斷適當的副詞;題4、13考查連詞。
1.B。后文敘述的是關于“Yeti”的傳說故事,故選“story”。
2.D。從1920年開始被發現,至今應有“許多年了”。
3.C。當地人稱這種生物為“Yeti”,4.A。“抓住”比“知道”更進一步,用“even”表示強調程度的加深。
5.B。“曾經抓到”與“沒有證據”之間為轉折關系,即:“雖然……但是……”。
6.D。第二段講述了關于“Yeti”的一個傳說故事,后文中將有新的介紹。故可知“故事”在“繼續”。
7.D。“Shipton”相信這些“腳印”不簡簡單單為“猴子”或“熊”的腳印,故選“simply”。
8.C。“felt”與“believed”并列。
9.A。“Shipton”感覺這種動物可能真的存在。
10.B。人們發現的僅僅是“更多”的腳印。
11.C。許我人相信這些腳印只不過是那些普通動物(比如猴子或熊)留下的。
12.B。“普通的腳印”看起來不“普通”,是因為其在雪里融化而變“大”了。
13.D。前文介紹了一些人腳印的判斷,而后文是一位俄國科學家的新發現。故判斷出兩部分之間應用“however”轉折。
14.B。“real”意為“真的”、“存在的”。
15.C。前面提到過,當地人的發現和傳說沒有證據可依,這一次“又”是如此。
16.B。沒有證據被實際記載。
17.C。“take … seriously”把……當回事(嚴肅認真對待)。
18.A。“Succeed in doing”成功地做成某事。
19.D。“face a problem”面臨問題。
20.A。前文提到這種生物“半人半獸”,那么如果人們真的抓住一個,將面臨的問題是:把它放到動物園(當它是動物?)還是在旅館里給它一個房間(當它是人?)
例2 (2004年全國卷I)
It was the night before the composition was due. As I looked a the list of topics(題目),“The Art of Eating Spaghetti(意大利面條)”caught my eye. The word“spaghetti”brought back the
36
of an evening at Uncle Alien’s in Belleville
37
all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat
38
spaghetti for supper, Spaghetti was an exotic(外來的)treat in
39
days. Never had I eaten spaghetti, and
40
of the grown-ups had enough experience to be
41
it. What laughing
42
we had about the
43
respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.
44
, I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to
45
it down simply for my own
46
, not for Mr . Fleagle, my composition teacher.
47
,I would write something else.
When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no
48
left to write a proper composition for Mr . Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to
49
my work. Two days passed before Mr . Fleagle returned the 50 papers. He said,“Now, class, I want to read you a composition, The Art of Eating Spaghetti.”
My words! He was reading my words out
51
to the whole class,
52
laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show
53
, but what I was feeling was pure happiness,
54
my words had the power to make people
55
.
(
)1.A.memory
B.thought
C.knowledge
D.experience
(
)2.A.when
B.where
C.since
D.after
(
)3.A.cooked
B.served
C.got
D.made
(
)4.A.their
B.past
C.last
D.those
(
)5.A.none
B.one
C.some
D.neither
(
)6.A.careful about B.good at
C.fond of
D.interested in
(
)7.A.speeches
B.lessons
C.sayings
D.arguments
(
)8.A.nearly
B.naturally C.officially D.socially
(
)9.A.Especially
B.Probably
C.Suddenly
D.Fortunately
(
)10.A.settle
B.put
C.bite
D.let
(
)11.A.work
B.story
C.luck
D.joy
(
)12.A.However
B.Therefore C.As for him D.Except for that
(
)13.A.time
B.excuse
C.way
D.idea
(
)14.A.give up
B.continue
C.hand in
D.delay
(
)15.A.written
B.graded
C.collected
D.calmly
(
)16.A.loud
B.fast
C.publicly
D.calmly
(
)17.A.People
B.Nobody
C.Somebody
D.I
(
)18.A.shock
B.wonder
C.worry
D.pleasure
(
)19.A.if
B.for
C.while
D.although
(
)20.A.excited
B.satisfied C.think
D.laugh
解析:全文講作者一次有趣的吃意大利面條的經歷,偏巧老師讓寫作文,他便寫了一篇文章,原想自己留著,另寫篇上交。由于時間不夠,他只好將原本想留給自己的文章上交了,沒想到作文極為成功。
1.A。“Spaghetti”這個詞使他想起了以前吃面條的事,所以用memory .
2.A。when引導定語從句,修飾前面的evening,意為“當時”。
3.B。那天晚上作者和其他一些親屬坐在桌邊吃Aunt Pat所做的面條,此時的面條不是在加工廠制做當中,不用made,不是剛買到,不用got,也不是在廚房里煮制過程中,不用cooked,而是端到餐桌上了,故用served。serve除作“服務”解以外,還有“端上(飯菜)”之意。
4.D。“在那個時候”或“在那些日子”用in those days。
5.A。
6.B。作者從未吃過意大利面條,而在座的成年人也都不擅長/沒吃過,所以才有下文有關怎樣吃意大利面條才得體的令人發笑的爭論。
7.D。上句提到沒有吃意大利面條的經驗,因而大家才會爭論怎樣吃。所以填arguments。
8.D。吃東西的方式和舉止要得體,要符合一定的社會文化,所以填socially。
9.C。文章開頭提到spaghetti一詞使作者想起過去的經歷,由這經歷突然想到了作文題,他要寫這一文題。填suddenly表思緒的突然過渡。
10.B。
11.D。“把……寫下來/記下來”用“put sth.down”。寫下這一經歷自己欣賞和享用,故用“joy”。
12.C。上文說自己要寫吃意大利面條的經歷,寫下來自己留著享用,不給作文老師。作文是要交的,那么就寫點別的給他吧。“As for him”可譯為“至于他嗎”
13.A。寫完那篇文章,到了半夜了(自己還要睡覺),也就沒有時間寫準備上交的作文了。
14.C。別無選擇,只好“上交”(原本打算留給自己的)作品。“hand in”是“上交”的意思。上交了但作品還是自己的,故不算放棄,不選A。B和D離題較遠。
15.B。老師把作文收上去,過了兩天發下來,那么這兩天老師把作文批改,給分(或定個等級),作文也就是“被給過等級”的作文了。
16.A。老師極為欣賞作者的作文,所以把它朗讀給全班,故選A。C項有干擾性,但“publicly”與“to the whole class”重復,不可選。
17.C。因故事有趣,有人先笑了,接著全班都開懷大笑。“then”是“接著、然后”的意思。先有人笑,然后是全都笑,不能是“無人笑,接著全都笑”,過于突兀,排除B。由于作者早已知道故事情節,未必先笑,排除D, People一詞太空泛,范圍過大,不可選。