難點(一)　“難解難分”的標題歸納題 標題歸納題中的各選項長度接近，實詞首字母通常大寫，特別是干擾項大都和文章意思相關，很難分辨。 What would be the best title for this text? A．Computers or Television B．Effects of Television on Children C．Studies on TV and College Education　 D．Television and Children’s Learning Habits (2010·遼寧卷，C) Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree，new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children. One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders.Those with TVs in their bedroom scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs. In the California study，children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest，while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest. While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores，it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldn’t have TVs in their bedrooms. [語篇解讀]　這是一篇時文報道。兩次最新研究的結果表明，青少年如果看電視過于頻繁，可能會直接影響學生的學習能力。 1．According to the California study，the low-scoring group might________. A．have watched a lot of TV B．not be interested in math C．be unable to go to college D．have had computers in their bedrooms 解析：　推理判斷題。第二段說，臥室里放置電視機的學生，其數(shù)學和語言藝術方面的考試成績比臥室里不放電視機的學生的分數(shù)要低大約8分，由此判斷，考試得低分的學生往往在自己的臥室里有電視機，他們看電視看得太多。 答案：　A

　　2．What is the researchers’ understanding of the New Zealand study results? A．Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV. B．Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest. C．TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds. D．The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain.

　　解析：　推理判斷題。第三段說，新西蘭的那次研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，兒童時期看電視太多的人，在26歲時其受教育的水平更低，但這個結果并不能證明電視是罪魁禍首，并不能排除這一條：年輕人如果失去了動力，他們就會長時間地看電視。由此看，看電視與教育水平的聯(lián)系不是一一對應的，其原因很復雜。 答案：　D

　　3．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．More time should be spent on computers. B．Children should be forbidden from watching TV. C．TV sets shouldn’t be allowed in children’s bedrooms. D．Further studies on high-achieving students should be done. 解析：　細節(jié)理解題。最后兩段說，臥室里有電視機，家里沒有電腦的孩子考試分數(shù)最低，而臥室里沒有電視機，家里有電腦的學生的考試分數(shù)最高，由此判斷，孩子的臥室里不應該放置電視機。 答案：　C 4．What would be the best title for this text? A．Computers or Television B．Effects of Television on Children C．Studies on TV and College Education D．Television and Children’s Learning Habits 解析：　主旨大意題。全文介紹兩次最新研究成果，說這些研究成果表明，如果在孩子的臥室放置電視機，這將極大地影響孩子的學習，因此“電視對孩子的影響”是本文的最佳標題。 答案：　B

　　[化難為易]　文章標題是文章的點睛之筆。標題歸納題在英語閱讀理解題中屬深層理解題，它要求考生在通讀全文的基礎上，準確把握文章大意及作者的寫作意圖。一般說來，標題應該具有概括性、針對性、簡潔性三個突出特點。其中概括性，是指標題應最大程度地覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題；針對性，是指標題的含義要直接指向文章的主要特點；而簡潔性，則是指標題應言簡意賅，能吸引讀者的注意力，并喚起讀者對文章的閱讀興趣等。

　　根據(jù)上述分析，解答標題歸納題時通常采用以下方法： 1．在閱讀文章時，要注意文章中反復出現(xiàn)或強調的信息，尋找與文章主題相關的信息，找出概括全文的核心詞匯。如解答本題時，聯(lián)系文章首句“Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree”信息可知本文主要講解“電視對孩子的影響”，根據(jù)這個意思，可以概括最佳標題。

　　2．確認選項內容是否切中文章的中心論題，也就是要看選項內容與作者的寫作目的是否一致。從整篇文章出發(fā)歸納概括出文章的標題，要防止本末倒置、主次不分，如A項Computers or Television；避免以點代面，以偏概全，如C項Studies on TV and College Education和D項Television and Children’s Learning Habits，這樣才能排除干擾項，選出正確答案。

　　A second study，looking at nearly 1,000 grown-ups in New Zealand，found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood.But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don’t rule out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年輕人) may watch lots of TV.

　　Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages 5 and 15.Those with college degrees had watched an average of less than two hours of TV per weeknight during childhood，compared with an average of more than 2

　　hours for those who had no education beyond high school.

　　【長難句】　Those with college degrees had watched an average of less than two hours of TV per weeknight during childhood，compared with an average of more than 2 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.獲得大學學位的人在童年時期看電視的平均量是每個周日夜晚不到兩個小時，而中學畢業(yè)后就沒有繼續(xù)接受教育的人，在童年時期看電視的平均量是每個星期的夜晚超過兩個半小時。

　　難點(一)　“難解難分”的標題歸納題 標題歸納題中的各選項長度接近，實詞首字母通常大寫，特別是干擾項大都和文章意思相關，很難分辨。 What would be the best title for this text? A．Computers or Television B．Effects of Television on Children C．Studies on TV and College Education　 D．Television and Children’s Learning Habits (2010·遼寧卷，C) Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree，new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children. One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders.Those with TVs in their bedroom scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs. In the California study，children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest，while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest. While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores，it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldn’t have TVs in their bedrooms. [語篇解讀]　這是一篇時文報道。兩次最新研究的結果表明，青少年如果看電視過于頻繁，可能會直接影響學生的學習能力。 1．According to the California study，the low-scoring group might________. A．have watched a lot of TV B．not be interested in math C．be unable to go to college D．have had computers in their bedrooms 解析：　推理判斷題。第二段說，臥室里放置電視機的學生，其數(shù)學和語言藝術方面的考試成績比臥室里不放電視機的學生的分數(shù)要低大約8分，由此判斷，考試得低分的學生往往在自己的臥室里有電視機，他們看電視看得太多。 答案：　A

　　2．What is the researchers’ understanding of the New Zealand study results? A．Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV. B．Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest. C．TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds. D．The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain.

　　解析：　推理判斷題。第三段說，新西蘭的那次研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，兒童時期看電視太多的人，在26歲時其受教育的水平更低，但這個結果并不能證明電視是罪魁禍首，并不能排除這一條：年輕人如果失去了動力，他們就會長時間地看電視。由此看，看電視與教育水平的聯(lián)系不是一一對應的，其原因很復雜。 答案：　D

　　3．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．More time should be spent on computers. B．Children should be forbidden from watching TV. C．TV sets shouldn’t be allowed in children’s bedrooms. D．Further studies on high-achieving students should be done. 解析：　細節(jié)理解題。最后兩段說，臥室里有電視機，家里沒有電腦的孩子考試分數(shù)最低，而臥室里沒有電視機，家里有電腦的學生的考試分數(shù)最高，由此判斷，孩子的臥室里不應該放置電視機。 答案：　C 4．What would be the best title for this text? A．Computers or Television B．Effects of Television on Children C．Studies on TV and College Education D．Television and Children’s Learning Habits 解析：　主旨大意題。全文介紹兩次最新研究成果，說這些研究成果表明，如果在孩子的臥室放置電視機，這將極大地影響孩子的學習，因此“電視對孩子的影響”是本文的最佳標題。 答案：　B

　　[化難為易]　文章標題是文章的點睛之筆。標題歸納題在英語閱讀理解題中屬深層理解題，它要求考生在通讀全文的基礎上，準確把握文章大意及作者的寫作意圖。一般說來，標題應該具有概括性、針對性、簡潔性三個突出特點。其中概括性，是指標題應最大程度地覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題；針對性，是指標題的含義要直接指向文章的主要特點；而簡潔性，則是指標題應言簡意賅，能吸引讀者的注意力，并喚起讀者對文章的閱讀興趣等。

　　根據(jù)上述分析，解答標題歸納題時通常采用以下方法： 1．在閱讀文章時，要注意文章中反復出現(xiàn)或強調的信息，尋找與文章主題相關的信息，找出概括全文的核心詞匯。如解答本題時，聯(lián)系文章首句“Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree”信息可知本文主要講解“電視對孩子的影響”，根據(jù)這個意思，可以概括最佳標題。

　　2．確認選項內容是否切中文章的中心論題，也就是要看選項內容與作者的寫作目的是否一致。從整篇文章出發(fā)歸納概括出文章的標題，要防止本末倒置、主次不分，如A項Computers or Television；避免以點代面，以偏概全，如C項Studies on TV and College Education和D項Television and Children’s Learning Habits，這樣才能排除干擾項，選出正確答案。

　　A second study，looking at nearly 1,000 grown-ups in New Zealand，found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood.But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don’t rule out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年輕人) may watch lots of TV.

　　Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages 5 and 15.Those with college degrees had watched an average of less than two hours of TV per weeknight during childhood，compared with an average of more than 2

　　hours for those who had no education beyond high school.

　　【長難句】　Those with college degrees had watched an average of less than two hours of TV per weeknight during childhood，compared with an average of more than 2 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.獲得大學學位的人在童年時期看電視的平均量是每個周日夜晚不到兩個小時，而中學畢業(yè)后就沒有繼續(xù)接受教育的人，在童年時期看電視的平均量是每個星期的夜晚超過兩個半小時。