Unit 15　Learning

　　[寫得準] [用得活] [積得多]

　　1.secure adj.　 　穩定的；無憂無慮的

　　2.adapt vt.

　　(使)適應；改編

　　3.bury vt.

　　埋葬

　　4.alternative adj.

　　非傳統的；另類的

　　5.outstanding adj.

　　杰出的，優秀的

　　6.reputation n.

　　名譽，名聲

　　7.obey vt.

　　服從，聽從

　　8.select vt.

　　挑選

　　9.lack vt.

　　缺乏，沒有

　　10.access n.

　　(使用或見到的)機會，

　　權利

　　11.acquire vt.

　　獲得，得到

　　12.shadow n.

　　陰影，影子

　　13.ignore vt.忽視，不顧→ignorance n．無知

　　14.suspect v．懷疑→suspicious adj.可疑的→suspicion n．懷疑，嫌疑

　　15.simplify vt.簡化→simple adj.簡單的，易懂的

　　16.urge vt.力勸，強烈要求→urgent adj.緊急的

　　17.instruct vt.教導，指導→instruction n．教育，指導→instructive adj.有益的；有教育意義的

　　18.reflect vt.反映；反射 vi.思考→reflection n．反射；反省，想法

　　19.worthwhile adj.值得努力的→worthy adj.值得的→worth adj.值得……的 n．價值

　　20.defence n．保衛，保護→defend v．防御，保衛

　　21.assumption n．假定，假設→assume vt.假定，假設

　　22.inspire v．鼓舞；啟發→inspiration n．靈感，鼓舞(激勵)人心的人/事→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的

　　23.beneficial adj.有用的，有益的→benefit v．對……有益，受惠n.利益

　　24.appreciation n．欣賞→appreciate vt.重視，鑒賞，感激

　　25.distinguish vt.區別，辨別→distinguished adj.(外表或舉止)有尊嚴的， 高貴的；卓越的，杰出的

　　26.approve v．贊成；認可；滿意→approval n．贊成；認可；滿意 用所給詞的適當形式填空1.Didn't you notice anything suspicious (suspect) in his behaviour？

　　2.Her ignorance (ignore) of the area put her at a decided disadvantage.

　　3.They are busy building defence (defend) works to protect their country.

　　4.I think grey hair makes you look very distinguished (distinguish)．

　　5.It is worthwhile to travel to Beijing, because many places of interest are well worth visiting. The Great Wall is particularly worthy of being visited.(worth)

　　6.When asked where the inspiration of her novel came from, she said her father's inspiring words inspired her to write it.(inspire)

　　7.Everyone knows the benefit of learning English and if you work hard, it will be beneficial to your future career.It is reported that many graduates have benefited from having a good command of English.(beneficial)

　　8.The teacher instructed that all the students should attend the instructive lecture, for the professor's instruction would be of great help to our study.(instruct)

　　9.She sat reflecting on how material reflects light.(reflect)

　　10.The principal urged the teachers should attend the urgent meeting at once.(urge)

　　11.They appreciated our help for that but this appreciation seemed not to be enough. (appreciation)

　　12.The maths problem is not simple but we can simplify it with this method.(simple)

　　13.They assumed that there would be a substitute for the earth but the assumption seemed impossible.(assume) 1.各種“選擇”

　　①elect vt. 　選舉；選擇

　　②select vt.

　　挑選；選拔

　　③pick v.

　　挑選；采摘

　　④choose v.

　　選擇

　　2.“學習過程”詞匯集錦

　　①attend vt.

　　參加；上學

　　②concentrate vi.

　　集中(精力)

　　③review vi.

　　復習功課

　　④acquire vt.

　　獲得；得到

　　⑤absorb vt.

　　吸收；理解

　　⑥grasp vt.

　　理解；領會

　　n.

　　掌握

　　⑦master vt.

　　精通；掌握

　　⑧command n.

　　掌握

　　3.盤點-tion結尾名詞

　　①invention

　　發明

　　②translation

　　翻譯

　　③operation

　　手術；操作

　　④selection

　　選擇；挑選

　　⑤preparation

　　準備

　　⑥reputation

　　名聲，名譽

　　⑦condition

　　情況，條件

　　⑧inspiration

　　靈感

　　4.“信”“不信”由你

　　①belief n.

　　相信；信任

　　②faith n.

　　信任；信念

　　③convince v.

　　使確信

　　④suspect vt.

　　懷疑；猜想

　　n.

　　犯罪嫌疑人

　　⑤reliable adj.

　　可靠的

　　⑥unbelievable adj.

　　不可相信的

　　5.“優秀的”形容詞家族

　　①outstanding

　　杰出的

　　②excellent

　　優秀的

　　③splendid

　　極好的

　　④first-class

　　頭等的

　　6.聚焦app-開頭單詞

　　①appreciation n.

　　欣賞

　　②apparent adj.

　　顯而易見的

　　③appeal v.

　　上訴，申訴

　　④appear v.

　　顯得；看來

　　⑤apply v.

　　申請；應用

　　⑥appoint v.

　　任命；委任

　　[寫得準] [用得活] [積得多]

　　1.lay_off 　裁員；解雇

　　2.aside_from

　　除……之外

　　3.set_off

　　使爆炸；引發

　　4.be_accustomed_to

　　習慣于

　　5.approve_of

　　贊成，贊許

　　6.as_a_whole

　　總的來說

　　7.switch_off

　　關閉

　　8.to_a_certain_extent

　　在某種程度上

　　9.tend_to

　　往往會，傾向于

　　10.frankly_speaking

　　坦白地說，老實說

　　11.go_up

　　上漲，上升

　　12.go_blank

　　發呆，默然

　　13.put_forward

　　提出

　　14.in_conclusion

　　最后，總之

　　15.to_start_with

　　首先，第一 選用左欄短語填空1.In_conclusion,_we would like to thank all those who have worked so hard to bring about this result.

　　2.Don't worry; you'll soon be_accustomed_to living in the countryside.

　　3.A series of policies have been put_forward to support high-tech key industries at different aspects.

　　4.My brain went_blank when I came across a difficult question during the exam.

　　5.Be sure to switch_off the light when you leave the office.

　　6.I approved_of your using my car, but you must return it on time. 1.“go＋adj.”短語集錦

　　①go mad/crazy發瘋

　　go hungry

　　挨餓

　　go wrong

　　出問題

　　go bad

　　變壞；變質

　　go blind

　　失明

　　go blank

　　發呆，默然

　　2.“說”也不同

　　relatively speaking

　　相對而言

　　honestly speaking

　　誠實地說

　　generally speaking

　　一般來說

　　roughly speaking

　　粗略地說

　　strictly speaking

　　嚴格地說

　　frankly speaking

　　坦白地說，

　　老實說

　　[背原句] [記句式] [會仿用]

　　1.In the past, if someone like me had failed to get into university through the college exam, he would have had no chance of getting a degree.

　　在過去，如果像我這樣未能通過大學考試上大學，那么他就沒有機會獲得學位了。 if 引導的虛擬條件句。 如果我們不作充分的準備，會議是不會開得這么成功的。If we hadn't_made adequate preparations, the conference wouldn't_have_been so successful.

　　2.Now I'm about to graduate from the School of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelor's Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning.

　　如今通過遠程教育我就要從清華大學繼續教育學院畢業了，并會獲得該院計算機工程學的學士學位。 be about to do ...“正要做……”。 一天，我正要去買東西時，他打電話找我。One day, I was_about_to_do_some_shopping when he telephoned me.

　　3.I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.

　　我覺得該是我成為因特網用戶的時候了。 It is/was time (that) ...“是……的時候了” 。 該是你反省思過的時候了。It is time that you should_reflect/reflected_upon your mistakes.

　　4.So many people think that after you retire, all you can do is switch off your brain and bury everything you've ever learnt.

　　許多人認為一旦退休，你所能做的事就是把大腦關閉，把你曾經所學的東西埋掉。 不帶to的動詞不定式作表語。 在我看來，我們所能做的一切就是耐心等待。As far as I'm concerned, all we can do is just_wait_patiently.

　　5.Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion！

　　有時我真希望能給他打個電話問問他的意見！ wish后的從句常用虛擬語氣。 她真希望她當時沒有浪費那么多的時間。She wished she hadn't_wasted so much time at that time.

　　1．suspect v．懷疑；猜疑(通常不用于進行時) n．[C]嫌疑犯，可疑分子

　　[教材原句]　I suspect that they laid me off because the company was not doing that well but it still brought a lump to my throat and made me want to cry.

　　我懷疑他們裁掉我是因為公司經營得不是很好，但這仍然使我喉嚨哽咽，并且想哭。(1)suspect sb./sth. to be ＋ n．/adj.

　　　猜想某人/某物為……

　　suspect sb. of (doing) sth.

　　懷疑某人(做過)某事

　　(2)suspicious

　　adj.懷疑的

　　be/become

　　suspicious of/about sth.

　　對某事懷疑

　　They were/became suspicious (suspect) of/about his behaviour and contacted the police.

　　他們覺得他行為可疑，便報了警。

　　The boss suspected_him_of_taking the computer away from the company.

　　老板懷疑他從公司拿走了電腦。

　　2．instruct vt.指導，教導；指示，命令；告知，通知

　　[高考佳句]　A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do.(2024·重慶高考單選)

　　一臺計算機只能做你已指示它做的事情。

　　(1)instruct sb. to do ...　命令某人做……

　　instruct sb. in sth.

　　教授/傳授某人某事

　　instruct that sb. (should) do sth.

　　命令某人做某事

　　(2)instruction n.

　　[C]用法說明；操作指南；

　　指示；命令；[U]教授

　　follow the instructions

　　遵照說明

　　carry out one's instructions

　　執行某人的命令

　　(3)instructive adj.有益的，有教育意義的；指導性的

　　When we talk to it, it will carry_out_our_instructions.(2024·湖南高考書面表達)

　　當我們和它交談時，它會執行我們的命令。

　　Mum instructed me to deliver the box of sweets to my grandma.

　　＝Mum instructed that I (should)_deliver the box of sweets to my grandma.

　　媽媽吩咐我把這盒糖果寄給我外婆。

　　He likes to speak to others in an instructive (instruct) tone.

　　他跟別人說話總喜歡帶一種教訓人的語氣。

　　[熟詞生義]　讀句子猜含義

　　My secretary will instruct you whether to come today or tomorrow.通知

　　3．distinguish vt.區別，辨別；使具有某種特征

　　[教材原句]　If the room hadn't been dark, he would have distinguished the two pictures.

　　如果房間不是太暗的話，他就會辨認出那兩張照片了。

　　(1)distinguish ... from ... 　將……與……區別開

　　distinguish between ... and ...

　　區分……和……

　　distinguish oneself by ...

　　因……而揚名

　　(2)distinguished adj.

　　卓越的；著名的

　　be distinguished for

　　因……而出名

　　The twins are so alike; it's difficult to distinguish_one_from_the_other.

　　這對雙胞胎長得太像了，很難分辨誰是誰。

　　The Town Hall completed in the 1880's was the most distinguished (distinguish)

　　building at that time.

　　竣工于19世紀80年代的市政大廳是當時最宏偉的建筑。

　　Mo Yan is_distinguished_for his good knowledge of literature.

　　莫言因其文學知識豐富而出名。

　　4．lack vt.缺乏，沒有n.缺乏，不足；短缺的東西

　　[高考佳句]　They lack physical exercise and the skill to communicate face to face with their friends or parents. (2024·重慶高考寫作)

　　他們缺乏體育鍛煉和面對面地與朋友或父母進行溝通的技巧。

　　(1)lack sth.　 缺乏/少某物(沒有被動語態)

　　lack for nothing

　　沒有欠缺

　　(2)(a) lack of ...

　　缺乏……

　　for/through

　　lack of

　　因缺乏……

　　(3)lacking adj.

　　缺少的，不足的(不置于名詞前)

　　be lacking in sth.

　　缺少某物

　　More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for_lack_of_space.

　　因缺乏空間，大城市里已經建起了越來越多的高樓大廈。

　　Because she was_lacking_in_training,_she was afraid of making an exhibition of herself.

　　因缺乏訓練，她擔心自己會出洋相。

　　I'll see that you lack for nothing while you attend college.

　　你上大學時我會保證你的一切需要的。

　　5．access n．接近或進入之路；(使用或見到的)機會，權利

　　[高考佳句]　We can get access to various information we need through the screen.(2024·湖南高考書面表達)

　　通過屏幕我們可以獲得我們所需要的各種信息。