Unit 4　Wildlife protection

　　Ⅰ.單詞拼寫

　　1．The manager________(雇用)another 20 workers for the new positions.

　　2．On just the second day of the trip，I was________(咬) on the leg by a snake.

　　3．There is a________(兇猛的)dog to guard the house.Please knock at the door before you enter.

　　4．The book________(包含)all the information you need.

　　5．His death means a great________(損失)to science.

　　6．If you really like the job，________(距離)is not a problem.

　　7．He took the poor children under his________(保護)．

　　8．I'd________(感激)it if you let me get on with my job.

　　9．To our________(寬慰)，the missing child returned home ten days later，tired but healthy.

　　10．The government shouldn't________(減少)the income of the workers by raising their taxes.

　　答案　1.employed　2.bitten　3.fierce　4.contains

　　5．loss　6.distance　7.protection　8.appreciate　9.relief

　　10．decrease

　　Ⅱ.翻譯句子

　　1．該村的人口已經減少到1 000人。(decrease)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　2．我表示愿意幫他，但他沒有回應。(respond)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　3．我們不應該對這樣的人表示憐憫。(mercy)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　4．這種飲食包含很多水果和綠色蔬菜。(contain)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　5．如果你能幫我解決這個問題，我將非常感激。(appreciate)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　答案　1.The population of the village has decreased to 1,000.

　　2．I offered to help him，but he didn't respond.

　　3．We shouldn't have mercy on such persons.

　　4．This kind of diet contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables.

　　5．I would appreciate it if you could help me to solve the problem.

　　Ⅲ.完形填空

　　體裁：

　　記敘文 話題：

　　助人為樂 詞數：264 難度：

　　★★ 建議用時：

　　15分鐘

　　(2024·山東卷)I used to be a very selfcentered person，but in the past two years I have really changed.I have started to think about other people__1__I think about myself.I am happy that I am becoming a__2__person.

　　I think my__3__started when I was at Palomar College.At first，I just wanted to get my__4__and be left alone.I thought I was smarter than everyone else，so I hardly ever__5__to anyone in my classes.By the end of my first semester，I was really__6__.It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.So I tried a(n)__7__.I started asking people around me how they were doing，and if they were having trouble I__8__to help.That was really a big__9__，for me.By the end of the year，I had several new friends，and two of__10__are still my best friends today.

　　A bigger cause of my new__11__however，came when I took a parttime job at Vista Nursing Home.One old lady there who had Alzheimer's disease became my__12__.Every time I came into her room，she was so__13__because she thought I was her daughter.Her real daughter never__14__her，so I took her place.She let me__15__that making others feel good made me feel good too.When she died，I was__16__，but I was also very grateful to her.

　　I think I am a much__17__person today than I used to be，and I hope I will not__18__these experiences.They have__19__me to care about other people more than about myself.I__20__who I am today，and I could not say that a few years ago.

　　【解題導語】　作者從一個以自我為中心的人逐漸成為一個助人為樂的人。愛別人，別人更愛自己。

　　1．A.since

　　B．before

　　C．or

　　D．unless

　　答案　B　[before在……之前，表示的含義是在考慮自己之前先考慮別人，對應前邊的改變自我為中心。]

　　2．A.famous

　　B．simple

　　C．different

　　D．skilled

　　答案　C　[含義是不同的，做出改變，變成了不同于以前的人。]

　　3．A.education

　　B．career

　　C．tour

　　D．change

　　答案　D　[改變，這個單詞貫穿全文。]

　　4．A.balance

　　C．homework

　　C．degree

　　D．interest

　　答案　C　[學位。因為對應前文中的在大學里，只想取得學位。]

　　5．A.talked

　　B．wrote

　　C．lied

　　D．reported

　　答案　A　[talk to sb和某人談話，因為前文說是自己認為比別人聰明，因此幾乎不和別人說話。]

　　6．A.careful

　　B．lonely

　　C．curious

　　D．guilty

　　答案　B　[孤獨的，沒有朋友，正好對應下文的It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun。]

　　7．A.argument

　　B．game

　　C．experiment

　　D．defence

　　答案　C　[experiment的含義，引申為一種突破，一種改變，對應下文開始做的事情。]

　　8．A.dared

　　B．offered

　　C．hesitated

　　D．happened

　　答案　B　[offer to do sth表示主動提出做某件事情，更能體現出想改變的決心。]

　　9．A.dream

　　B．problem

　　C．duty

　　D．step

　　答案　D　[step表示一種進步。緊接著，對應下文的具體的進步之處。]

　　10．A.us

　　B．which

　　C．them

　　D．whom

　　答案　C　[注意and這個連詞的作用，引文是并列句，因此注意語法的作用，使用them。]

　　11．A.attitude

　　B．hobby

　　C．hope

　　D．luck

　　答案　A　[由首句可知，作者之前是個selfcentered person，通過一次經歷發生了變化并對比自己的今昔，所以可得出是attitude(態度)的變化。]

　　12．A.friend

　　B．partner

　　C．guide

　　D．guest

　　答案　A　[考查名詞詞義辨析，通過文中的became.可推測出old lady是作者的friend(朋友)。]

　　13．A.polite

　　B．happy

　　C．strange

　　D．confident

　　答案　B　[考查形容詞詞義辨析，通過空格后面的because she thought I was her daughter可推測出old lady是非常高興的。]

　　14．A.bothered

　　B．answered

　　C．visited

　　D．trusted

　　答案　C　[考查動詞詞義辨析，通過文中信息得知old lady是一個病人，所以可推測出是來看望(visit)自己。]

　　15．A.explain

　　B．guess

　　C．declare

　　D．see

　　答案　D　[考查動詞詞義辨析。see看，觀察；explain解釋；declare宣稱；guess猜測。]

　　16．A.homeless

　　B．heartbroken

　　C．badtempered

　　D．hopeless

　　答案　B　[復合形容詞的考查，she died，...but I was also very grateful to her.可知作者當時的心情肯定是悲傷的，選heartbroken。]

　　17．A.quieter

　　B．busier

　　C．better

　　D．richer

　　答案　C　[對形容詞比較級的考查，整篇文章在寫作者的今昔對比，從一個自我的人變成現在一個樂于幫助別人的人，所以肯定是better，表示情況好轉。]

　　18．A.forget

　　B．face

　　C．improve

　　D．analyze

　　答案　A　[考查動詞詞義辨析，作者通過這次的experience發生了好的變化，可推測作者想記住這次經歷，所以選will not forget，其他均不符合語境。]

　　19．A.forced

　　B．preferred

　　C．ordered

　　D．taught

　　答案　D　[考查動詞詞義辨析，作者通過這次經歷使自己變得更好，所以可推測這次經歷“教會”了自己……。]

　　20．A.miss

　　B．like

　　C．wonder

　　D．expect

　　答案　B　[考查動詞詞義辨析，通過文章可推測出與之前比較作者更“喜歡”現在的自己，選like，其他選項均不符合語境。]

　　Ⅳ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　BEIJING，Jan.12(Xinhuanet)—Thick fog and haze shrouded central and northern parts of China on Friday，with Hebei and Henan provinces among the most polluted areas，monitoring data showed.

　　An air quality report from the Ministry of Environmental Protection ranked Handan，Baoding and Shijiazhuang in Hebei and Zhengzhou in Henan as the top four most-polluted cities among 120 monitored nationwide.The Air Pollution Index in the four cities reached 500，the maximum of the index，on Friday.An API reading below 50 indicates excellent air quality,50 to 100 indicates healthy air，and readings above 100 mean polluted air.

　　The bad weather is expected to continue，with cold fronts expected in mid-January，Ma Xuekuan，chief weather forecaster at the National Meteorological Center，told China Daily on Friday. “Recent wet air，increasing pollutants and little wind mean haze is formed easily.When cold snaps bring winds，haze and fog will be blown away，” Ma said.

　　The haze brought traffic problems in Henan，with eight expressways in the province closed on Thursday because visibility was below 200 meters.No accidents or casualties due to the haze have been reported so far.

　　Experts and residents in the worst-hit areas such as Shijiazhuang are becoming increasingly worried about the air pollution brought by frequent winter haze. “Small particles in the air can cause heart disease，stroke，respiratory illness，birth defects and cancer，” said Zhou Rong，director of the Greenpeace climate and energy project.Shijiazhuang has been enveloped by haze and fog since Sunday，according to the local weather bureau. “I have rarely seen haze persist for so long.The air smells like burnt coal，and I have to cover my nose，” said Li Ning, a worker in his 30s. “I really want to know if the haze has any impact on my health，” he added.Yang Ping，a doctor at Hebei Provincial People's Hospital，said there has been an increase in child and elderly patients since the haze started to affect Shijiazhuang on Sunday.

　　A report by Greenpeace and Peking University's School of Public Health said an estimated 8,572 premature deaths occurred in Shanghai，Guangzhou，Xi'an and Beijing in 2024 because of high levels of PM 2.5 pollution.The report called for regional coal consumption to be capped.

　　PM 2.5 refers to particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter，which can enter the lungs and bloodstream.Haze often means increased PM 2.5 density.

　　Chen Wanqing，deputy director of the National Central Cancer Registry，under the Ministry of Health，said that lung cancer rate is rising sharply in China and tends to affect young people，but did not explain why.

　　Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau warned residents to avoid staying outdoors for long after widespread haze reached the capital on Thursday night.

　　Zhang Lin，a weather forecaster at the Beijing Meteorological Bureau，told China Daily the city will see a bright weekend，with the haze ending on Friday afternoon.

　　China has taken various measures to fight air pollution.Since Jan 1，a total of 74 major cities have been required to issue daily reports on air quality by adopting more extensive monitoring standards，such as the PM 2.5 level.

　　1．What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A．Fog and haze enveloped Shijiazhuang in Hebei on Friday.

　　B．Fog and haze hit central and northern parts of China on Friday.

　　C．Fog and haze caused several accidents in Henan on Friday.

　　D．Fog and haze results from the increasing PM 2.5 density.

　　答案　B　[主旨大意題。本文是資訊類的文章，主旨大意一般在首段。第一段總起報道了霧霾天氣籠罩了中國的中部及北部地區。故選B。其他選項都是內容的細節部分，不合適。]

　　2．According to the passage, which city is NOT the four most-polluted city among 120 monitored nationwide?

　　A．Handan.

　　B．Shijiazhuang.

　　C．Zhengzhou.

　　D．Qinhuangdao.

　　答案　D　[細節理解題。文章第二段報道了在全國120個被監控的城市中空氣污染最嚴重位于前四的城市是：Handan, Baoding and Shijiazhuang in Hebei and Zhengzhou in Henan, 沒有Qinhuangdao, 故選D。]

　　3．What can we infer from the passage?

　　A．On Friday, the API of Zhengzhou is higher than that of Handan.

　　B．The forming of haze has nothing to do with API.

　　C．Expressways should be closed when visibility is below 100 meters.

　　D．The haze in Shijiazhuang has lasted more than a week.

　　答案　D　[推理判斷題。A項根據文章第二段可推斷鄭州的空氣污染指數應低于邯鄲，所以它是錯誤的；B項可根據第二段內容推測是錯誤的；C項從文章第四段可知當能見度低于200米時，高速路要封閉的，故也是錯的；D項，根據文章的第一段以及第五段可推測石家莊的霧霾天氣至少持續了一星期，故選D。]

　　4．The underlined word “capped” probably means “ ________ ”．

　　A．captured

　　B．reduced

　　C．consumed

　　D．burned

　　答案　B　[詞義猜測題。本題可根據上文提到的霧霾形成原因及本句煤的消耗，不難猜出它的詞義為“減少”。故選B。]

　　B

　　體裁：

　　記敘文 話題：

　　助人為樂 詞數：370 難度：

　　★★ 建議用時：

　　6分鐘

　　Jimmy is an automotive mechanic，but he lost his job a few months ago.He has a good heart，but always feared applying for a new job.

　　One day，he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview.His appointment was at 10 am and it was already 8：30.While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed，he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car.Obviously there was something wrong with the car.Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand.When Jimmy finished working on the car，the old man asked him how much he should pay for the service.Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need，and he had to rush for an interview.Then the old man said，“Well，I could take you to the office for your interview.It's the least I could do.Please.I insist.” Jimmy agreed.

　　Upon arrival，Jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed.Jimmy still had some grease on him after the car repair，but he did not have much time to wash it off or have a change of shirt.One by one，the applicants left the interviewer's office with disappointed looks on their faces.Finally his name was called.The interviewer was sitting on a large chair facing the office window.Rocking the chair back and forth，he asked，“Do you really need to be interviewed？” Jimmy's heart sank.“With the way I look now，how could I possibly pass this interview？” he thought to himself.